Zusammenfassung
Die akute Pankreatitis stellt eine akute Entzündung des Pankreas dar, bei der es zu einer vollständigen Restitution des Organs kommt. Morphologisch kann eine ödematöse von einer nekrotisierenden Form der akuten Pankreatitis unterschieden werden. Im Rahmen der klinischen Diagnose, der ätiologischen Zuordnung und bei der Abschätzung des Schweregrads der Erkrankung kommen Labor- und bildgebenden Untersuchungen eine wichtige Rolle zu. In diesem Kapitel sollen die Bedeutung der klinischen Präsentation, der Labordiagnostik und der bildgebenden Diagnostik bei der Diagnose der akuten Pankreatitis dargestellt werden.
Dieser Beitrag basiert auf einem Kapitel, das die Autoren für das Werk Beger HG, Büchler MW, Dralle H, Lerch M, Malfertheiner P, Mössner J, Riemann JF (Hrsg.) (2014) Erkrankungen des Pankreas, Springer Heidelberg, geschrieben haben.
Literatur
Al-Bahrani AZ, Ammori BJ (2005) Clinical laboratory assessment of acute pancreatitis. Clin Chim Acta Int J Clin Chem 362(1–2):26–48
Arvanitakis M, Delhaye M et al (2004) Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 126(3):715–723
Ayub K, Imada R et al (2004) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in gallstone-associated acute pancreatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (4):CD003630
Balthazar EJ, Robinson DL et al (1990) Acute pancreatitis: value of CT in establishing prognosis. Radiology 174(2):331–336
Banks PA, Bollen TL et al (2013) Classification of acute pancreatitis – 2012: revision of the Atlanta classification and definitions by international consensus. Gut 62(1):102–111
Block S, Maier W et al (1986) Identification of pancreas necrosis in severe acute pancreatitis: imaging procedures versus clinical staging. Gut 27(9):1035–1042
Chang K, Lu W et al (2012) Rapid urinary trypsinogen-2 test in the early diagnosis of acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis. Clin Biochem 45(13–14):1051–1056
Clavien PA, Robert J et al (1989) Acute pancreatitis and normoamylasemia. Not an uncommon combination. Ann Surg 210(5):614–620
Dervenis C, Johnson CD et al (1999) Diagnosis, objective assessment of severity, and management of acute pancreatitis. Santorini consensus conference. Int J Pancreatol 25(3):195–210
Elman R, Arneson N, Graham E (1929) Value of blood amylase estimations in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease: a clinical study. Arch Surg 19(6):943–967
Gomez D, Addison A et al (2012) Retrospective study of patients with acute pancreatitis: is serum amylase still required? BMJ Open 2(5)
Gumaste VV, Dave PB et al (1991) Lipase/amylase ratio. A new index that distinguishes acute episodes of alcoholic from nonalcoholic acute pancreatitis. Gastroenterology 101(5):1361–1366
Jeffrey RB Jr (1989) Sonography in acute pancreatitis. Radiol Clin North Am 27(1):5–17
Koo BC, Chinogureyi A et al (2010) Imaging acute pancreatitis. Br J Radiol 83(986):104–112
Kotwal V, Talukdar R et al (2010) Role of endoscopic ultrasound during hospitalization for acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol 16(39):4888–4891
Lammert F, Neubrand MW et al (2007) S3-guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of gallstones. German Society for Digestive and Metabolic Diseases and German Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract. Z Gastroenterol 45(9):971–1001
Lankisch PG (2009) Elevated pancreatic enzymes without evident pancreatic disease. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 134(44):2232–2235
McMahon MJ, Pickford IR (1979) Biochemical prediction of gallstones early in an attack of acute pancreatitis. Lancet 2(8142):541–543
Methuen T, Kylanpaa L et al (2007) Disialotransferrin, determined by capillary electrophoresis, is an accurate biomarker for alcoholic cause of acute pancreatitis. Pancreas 34(4):405–409
Munoz-Bongrand N, Panis Y et al (2001) Serial computed tomography is rarely necessary in patients with acute pancreatitis: a prospective study in 102 patients. J Am Coll Surg 193(2):146–152
Pandol SJ, Saluja AK et al (2007) Acute pancreatitis: bench to the bedside. Gastroenterology 132(3):1127–1151
Sharma VK, Howden CW (1999) Metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and endoscopic sphincterotomy for the treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis. Am J Gastroenterol 94(11):3211–3214
Spanier BW, Nio Y et al (2010) Practice and yield of early CT scan in acute pancreatitis: a Dutch Observational Multicenter Study. Pancreatology 10(2–3):222–228
Spechler SJ, Dalton JW et al (1983) Prevalence of normal serum amylase levels in patients with acute alcoholic pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 28(10):865–869
Steinberg WM, Goldstein SS et al (1985) Diagnostic assays in acute pancreatitis. A study of sensitivity and specificity. Ann Intern Med 102(5):576–580
Stimac D, Lenac T et al (1998) A scoring system for early differentiation of the etiology of acute pancreatitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 33(2):209–211
Sugumar A, Levy MJ et al (2011) Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography criteria to diagnose autoimmune pancreatitis: an international multicentre study. Gut 60(5):666–670
Tenner S, Dubner H et al (1994) Predicting gallstone pancreatitis with laboratory parameters: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 89(10):1863–1866
Van Gossum A, Seferian V et al (1984) Early detection of biliary pancreatitis. Dig Dis Sci 29(2):97–101
Working Party of the British Society of Gastroenterology (2005) UK guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis. Gut 54(Suppl 3):iii1–iii9
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this entry
Cite this entry
Schneider, A., Pfützer, R.H. (2015). Akute Pankreatitis: Klinik, Labordiagnostik und bildgebende Diagnostik. In: Lehnert, H., et al. DGIM Innere Medizin. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54676-1_95-1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54676-1_95-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-54676-1
eBook Packages: Springer Referenz Medizin