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Amoebozoan Lobose Amoebae (Tubulinea, Flabellinea, and Others)

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of the Protists

Abstract

The Amoebozoans included here are amoeboid protists that locomote by forward flowing of the internal cytoplasm and protrusion of peripheral, fingerlike or fan-shaped pseudopodia, excluding the myxomycetes and other slime molds, and Archamoebae, which lack classical mitochondria. These lobose Amoebozoa are an eclectic collection of amoeboid organisms. Some are naked without any surface covering, while other species may have a thin organic surface coat (glycocalyx) or delicate scales deposited on the outer cell membrane, with shapes that are species specific. Lobose testate amoebae are enclosed within an organic or mineralized shell (test) with an oral aperture where the tubular pseudopodia emerge. The lobose Amoebozoans consume prey (e.g., bacteria, algae, smaller protists, yeast, etc.) by phagocytosis. They are widely distributed globally in aquatic and terrestrial environments. They become dormant cysts under unfavorable conditions, such as lack of adequate food or drying of the environment, but excyst and become active when environmental conditions improve or form freeze-resistant, winter resting stages that are not encysted in some soil-dwelling amoebae in temperate regions. The Amoebozoan lobose amoebae are significant members of aquatic and terrestrial microbial communities and serve as important linkages in food webs between microbes and higher organisms, such as invertebrates. Like other Amoebozoa, the lobose amoebae typically have tubular mitochondrial cristae, which partially distinguish them from the Heterolobosean amoebae, with discoidal/flattened cristae. Molecular phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoans are monophyletic, with most, but not all, lobose amoebae falling into one of two subclades: Tubulinea (which includes the lobose testate amoebae or Arcellinida) and Discosea.

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Acknowledgments

Some of the published research by O.R.A. reviewed here was supported partially by funds from the National Science Foundation, International Polar Year (award no. 0732664). This is Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Contribution Number 7353.

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  1. Department of Biology and Paleoenvironment, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA

    O. Roger Anderson

  2. Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, 61 Route 9W, 10964, Palisades, NY, USA

    O. Roger Anderson

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  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

    John M. Archibald

  2. Department of Biology Life Sciences Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada

    Alastair G.B. Simpson

  3. Department of Biochemistry and Mole, Dalhousie University Department of Biochemistry and Mole, HALIFAX, Nova Scotia, Canada

    Claudio H. Slamovits

  4. Ashland, Oregon, USA

    Lynn Margulis

  5. Biozentrum Köln, Universität zu Köln Biozentrum Köln, Köln, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Michael Melkonian

  6. Dept. Ecology, Evolution, Marine Biology, University of California Dept. Ecology, Evolution, Marine Biology, Santa Barbara, California, USA

    David J. Chapman

  7. Libertyville, Illinois, USA

    John O. Corliss

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Roger Anderson, O. (2016). Amoebozoan Lobose Amoebae (Tubulinea, Flabellinea, and Others). In: Archibald, J., et al. Handbook of the Protists. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_2-1

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