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Secondary Forms of Hypertension in Children: Overview

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Pediatric Hypertension

Abstract

Blood pressure is a very important vital sign providing significant information into the health of a child. Sustained elevated readings require further evaluation to determine if a child has primary or secondary hypertension. Secondary forms of hypertension are more common in younger children than in adolescents, and often, in those presenting with very elevated blood pressure readings. After careful clinical evaluation, most causes of secondary hypertension in children are readily identifiable. The causes for secondary hypertension are noted in this chapter and discussed in depth elsewhere in this text. In this chapter, we also discuss the clinical challenge of trying to identify a secondary cause for hypertension in a child or adolescent when none is obvious. Improved methods for predicting secondary hypertension in asymptomatic children are needed to guide cost-effective work-up and would also reduce the likelihood of missing a treatable cause of hypertension.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 1st Floor Main Building, Corner of 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Sheena Sharma & Kevin E. Meyers

  2. Division of Nephrology, Children’s Health Specialty Center Dallas, 2350 North Stemmons Freeway, Dallas, TX, 75207, USA

    Smitha R. Vidi

Authors
  1. Sheena Sharma
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  2. Kevin E. Meyers
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  3. Smitha R. Vidi
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Correspondence to Sheena Sharma .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Joseph Flynn

  2. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Julie R. Ingelfinger

  3. Arkansas Children's Hospital, University of Arkansas Medical Science, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

    Karen Redwine

Section Editor information

  1. Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, 98105, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn MD, MS

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA

    Joseph T. Flynn MD, MS

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Sharma, S., Meyers, K.E., Vidi, S.R. (2016). Secondary Forms of Hypertension in Children: Overview. In: Flynn, J., Ingelfinger, J., Redwine, K. (eds) Pediatric Hypertension. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31420-4_21-1

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