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Enzymatic Sol–Gel Biosensors

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Book cover Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

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Abstract

We review the recent progress in the use of the sol–gel technology to develop enzymatic biosensors. We have emphasized how the sol–gel matrix properties turn them as ideal hosts to encapsulate enzymes that can act as the biorecognition elements of the biosensor device. However, at the same time, we have stressed the strong requirements imposed on the enzyme-doped sol–gel preparation in order to obtain an effective device operational over time. Thus, we explain how the sol–gel preparation conditions and properties have to be tuned in order to achieve a reliable biosensor. In this sense, several approaches and strategies to meet these requirements as well as to improve the biosensor performance are described. As the literature on these topics is indeed numerous, we have not intended to perform an exhaustive revision but rather to review the most important aspects of the subject providing at the same time with representative examples selected from the literature. In any case, in the text are referenced interesting reviews and papers that can be useful to complement this work because they use either points of view or literature works different from those employed by us.

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Abbreviations

(Ru(bipy)3)2+ :

tris (2,2′-bipyridyl)-ruthenium (II)

AChE:

AcetylCholinEsterase

ADH:

Alcohol DeHydrogenase

AFM:

Atomic Force Microscopy

APTOS or APTES:

AminoPropyl-TriethOxySilane

ATCh:

AcetylThioCholine

ChE:

Cholesterol Esterase

ChOx:

Cholesterol Oxidase

COx:

Choline Oxidase

DET:

Direct Electron Transfer

DTA:

Differential Thermal Analysis

ECL:

Electrogenerated ChemiLuminiscence

FAS:

Triethoxy-1H,1H,2H,2H-tridecafluoro-n-octylsilane

GC:

Glassy Carbon

GOPMOS:

3-GlycidOxyPropyl-triMethOxySilane

GOx:

Glucose Oxidase

Hb:

Hemoglobin

HRP:

HorseRadish Peroxidase

IDA:

InterDigitated Array

IP:

Isoelectric Point

LOx:

Lactate Oxidase

MPTS:

(3-MercaptoPropyl)-TrimeThoxySilane

MTMOS:

MethylTriMethOxySilane

NAD(H):

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide

NADP:

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate

ORMOSILs:

ORganically MOdified SILicate(s)

PDDA:

Poly(DiallylDimethylAmmonium) chloride

PEG:

PolyEthylene Glycol

PNR:

Poly(Neutral Red)

SECM:

Scanning ElectroChemical Microscopy

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscopy

SOD:

SuperOxide Dismutase

TEOS:

TetraEthOxySilane

TGA:

ThermoGravimetric Analysis

TMOS:

TetraMethOxySilane

XnOx:

Xanthine Oxidase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus de Excelencia de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente, N°7, 28049, Madrid, Spain

    E. Casero & M. D. Petit-Domínguez

  2. Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (CSIC), Campus de Excelencia de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz N°3, 28049, Madrid, Spain

    L. Vázquez

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  1. E. Casero
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  2. M. D. Petit-Domínguez
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  3. L. Vázquez
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA

    Lisa Klein

  2. Madrid, Spain

    Mario Aparicio

  3. City University of New York, New York, USA

    Andrei Jitianu

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Casero, E., Petit-Domínguez, M.D., Vázquez, L. (2016). Enzymatic Sol–Gel Biosensors. In: Klein, L., Aparicio, M., Jitianu, A. (eds) Handbook of Sol-Gel Science and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19454-7_129-1

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