Skip to main content

Desire to Be Included Among Desirable Women

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
  • 62 Accesses

Synonyms

Appearance enhancement effort; Attractiveness effort; Epigamic display; Intersexual selection

Definition

Women’s desire to be considered among “desirable” women involves motivation and effort toward displaying attributes that enhance their desirability as either a mating or social partner.

Introduction

Men, more than women, prefer physically attractive and sexually faithful mates. Women and girls who are high on these desired traits might also be more popular within their same-sex peer networks. Accordingly, women, more than men, are motivated to display and accentuate these mate-value and peer-valued characteristics, which are, in part, signals of reproductively and socially relevant information. Social-cognitive mechanisms such as social comparison, as well as emotions such as envy, appear to underlie some behaviors associated with women’s desire to be considered among desirable women.

Across diverse human cultures, men’s and women’s mate preferences have been shown to...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Abed, R. T., Mehta, S., Figueredo, A. J., Aldridge, S., Balson, H., Meyer, C., & Palmer, R. (2012). Eating disorders and intrasexual competition: Testing an evolutionary hypothesis among young women. The Scientific World Journal, 2012, 290813. doi:10.1100/2012/290813.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, S. L., Adams, G., & Plaut, V. C. (2008). The cultural grounding of personal relationship: The importance of attractiveness in everyday life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(2), 352–368. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.95.2.352.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnocky, S., & Vaillancourt, T. (2012). A multi-informant longitudinal study on the relationship between aggression, peer victimization, and adolescent dating status. Evolutionary Psychology, 10(2), 253–270. doi:10.1177/147470491201000207.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnocky, S., & Vaillancourt, T. (2014). Sexual competition among women: A review of the theory and supporting evidence. In M. L. Fisher (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of women and competition. New York: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199376377.013.3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnocky, S., Bird, B. M., & Perilloux, C. (2014). An evolutionary perspective on characteristics of physical attractiveness in humans. In A. Rennolds (Ed.), Psychology of interpersonal perception and relationships (pp. 115–155). New York: NOVA publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnocky, S., Perilloux, C., Cloud, J. M., Bird, B. M., & Thomas, K. (2016). Envy mediates the link between social comparison and appearance enhancement in women. Evolutionary Psychological Science. Advance online publication. doi:10.1007/s40806-015-0037-1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barber, N. (1999). Women’s dress fashions as a function of reproductive strategy. Sex Roles, 40(5–6), 459–471. doi:10.1023/A:1018823727012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baumeister, R. F., & Vohs, K. D. (2004). Sexual economics: Sex as female resource for social exchange in heterosexual interactions. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8(4), 339–363. doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0804_2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Benson, P. L., Karabenick, S. A., & Lerner, R. M. (1976). Pretty pleases: The effects of physical attractiveness, race, and sex on receiving help. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 12(5), 409–415. doi:10.1016/0022-1031(76)90073-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bleske, A. L., & Buss, D. M. (2000). Can men and women be just friends? Personal Relationships, 7(2), 131–151. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6811.2000.tb00008.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, C. M., Young, S. G., Sacco, D. F., Bernstein, M. J., & Claypool, H. M. (2009). Social inclusion facilitates interest in mating. Evolutionary Psychology, 7(1), 11–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buss, D. M. (1989). Sex differences in human mate preferences: Evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12(1), 1–49. doi:10.1017/S0140525X00023992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Closson, L. M. (2009). Status and gender differences in early adolescents’ descriptions of popularity. Social Development, 18(2), 412–426. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9507.2008.00459.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Durante, K. M., Li, N. P., & Haselton, M. G. (2008). Changes in women’s choice of dress across the ovulatory cycle: Naturalistic and laboratory task-based evidence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34(11), 1451–1460. doi:10.1177/0146167208323103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Durante, K. M., Griskevicius, V., Hill, S. E., Perilloux, C., & Li, N. P. (2011). Ovulation, female competition, and product choice: Hormonal influences on consumer behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 36(6), 921–934. doi:10.1086/656575.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fisher, T. D. (2013). Gender roles and pressure to be truthful: The bogus pipeline modifies gender differences in sexual but not non-sexual behavior. Sex Roles, 68(7), 401–414. doi:10.1007/s11199-013-0266-3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, J. A. (2011). Sex differences in friendship expectations: A meta-analysis. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 28(6), 723–747. doi:10.1177/0265407510386192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haselton, M. G., Mortezaie, M., Pillsworth, E. G., Bleske-Rechek, A., & Frederick, D. A. (2007). Ovulatory shifts in human female ornamentation: Near ovulation, women dress to impress. Hormones and Behavior, 51(1), 40–45. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2006.07.007.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, S. E., & Durante, K. M. (2011). Courtship, competition, and the pursuit of attractiveness: Mating goals facilitate health-related risk taking and strategic risk suppression in women. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(3), 383–394. doi:10.1177/0146167210395603.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, S. E., Rodeheffer, C. D., Griskevicius, V., Durante, K., & White, A. E. (2012). Boosting beauty in an economic decline: Mating, spending, and the lipstick effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 103(2), 275–291. doi:10.1037/a0028657.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Horan, S. M. (2015). Further understanding sexual communication: Honesty, deception, safety, and risk. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. Advance online publication. doi:10.1177/0265407515578821.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knack, J. M., Tsar, V., Vaillancourt, T., Hymel, S., & McDougall, P. (2012). What protects rejected adolescents from also being bullied by their peers? The moderating role of peer-valued characteristics. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 22(3), 467–479. doi:10.1111/j.1532-7795.2012.00792.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krantz, M. (1987). Physical attractiveness and popularity: A predictive study. Psychological Reports, 60, 723–726.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kreager, D., & Staff, J. (2009). The sexual double standard and adolescent peer acceptance. Social Psychology Quarterly, 72(2), 143–164. doi:10.1177/019027250907200205.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Prestia, S., Silverston, J., Wood, K., & Zigarmi, L. (2002). The effects of attractiveness on popularity; an observational study of social interaction among college students. Perspectives in Psychology, 5, 3–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prinstein, M. J., Meade, C. S., & Cohen, G. L. (2003). Adolescent oral sex, peer popularity, and perceptions of best friends’ sexual behavior. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 28(4), 243–249. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsg012.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rhodes, G., Simmons, L. W., & Peters, M. (2005). Attractiveness and sexual behavior: Does attractiveness enhance mating success? Evolution and Human Behavior, 26(2), 186–201. doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2004.08.014.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rinehart, J. K. (2012). Cognitive processes underlying the optimistic bias in women’s victimization risk judgements. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sunderani, S., Arnocky, S., & Vaillancourt, T. (2013). Individual differences in mate poaching: An examination of hormonal, dispositional, and behavioral mate-value traits. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 42(4), 533–542. doi:10.1007/s10508-012-9974-y.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vrangalova, Z., Bukberg, R. E., & Rieger, G. (2013). Birds of a feather? Not when it comes to sexual permissiveness. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 31(1), 93–113. doi:10.1177/0265407513487638.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walster, E., Aronson, J., Abrahams, D., & Rottman, L. (1966). Importance of physical attractiveness in dating behaviour. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 4(5), 508–516.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walster, E., Walster, G. W., Piliavin, J., & Schmidt, L. (1973). “Playing hard to get”: Understanding an elusive phenomenon. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 26(1), 113–121. doi:10.1037/h0034234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Steven Arnocky .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this entry

Cite this entry

Arnocky, S. (2016). Desire to Be Included Among Desirable Women. In: Weekes-Shackelford, V., Shackelford, T., Weekes-Shackelford, V. (eds) Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_881-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_881-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-16999-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Behavioral Science and PsychologyReference Module Humanities and Social SciencesReference Module Business, Economics and Social Sciences

Publish with us

Policies and ethics