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Oxidative DNA Damage

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Molecular Life Sciences

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Synonyms

Reaction of DNA with reactive oxygen species

Synopsis

Life in an aerobic environment comes with a cost, like that of oxidative damage to several kinds of macromolecules. Partially reduced oxygen species (superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide) react with transition metals to generate hydroxyl radicals. Nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and other species can also be involved in DNA damage. Ionizing radiation also forms hydroxyl radical. The most abundant product arising from DNA oxidation is 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanne, but a plethora of oxidation products is also formed, and miscoding properties of all have not been characterized. In addition to the damage to the DNA bases, the individual five carbons of the deoxyribose sugar ring can all be attacked by radicals, yielding products with split sugar rings and in some cases DNA fragmentation.

Introduction

A considerable amount of literature exists on oxidative damage to DNA, and this section is not intended to be comprehensive (see Cadet et...

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References

  • Cadet J, Douki T, Ravanat J-L (2010) Oxidatively generated damage to isolated and cellular DNA. In: Broyde S, Geacintov NE (eds) The chemical biology of DNA damage. Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim, pp 53–80

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  • Mangerich A, Knutson CG, Parry NM et al (2012) Infection-induced colitis in mice causes dynamic and tissue-specific changes in stress response and DNA damage leading to colon cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:E1820–E1829

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Center in Molecular Toxicology, Biochemistry and Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 2200 Pierce Ave, Nashville, TN, 37232-0146, USA

    F. Peter Guengerich

Authors
  1. F. Peter Guengerich
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to F. Peter Guengerich .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia, USA

    Ellis Bell

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© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Guengerich, F.P. (2014). Oxidative DNA Damage. In: Bell, E. (eds) Molecular Life Sciences. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6436-5_441-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6436-5_441-1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6436-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Biomedicine and Life SciencesReference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences

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