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Holography and Optical Storage

  • Reference work entry
Springer Handbook of Lasers and Optics

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

The term holography is composed of the Greek words holos (= whole) and graphein (= to record, to write), and thus summarizes the key aspects of its underlying principle: recording the complete wavefront of an object, i.e., its intensity as well as its phase. Interference and diffraction phenomena are employed to record and retrieve the full information, a technique pioneered by Dennis Gabor in 1948. He was honored with the Nobel prize in Physics in 1971, reflecting the general impact of holography on modern physics.

Holography plays an essential role in todayʼs science and industry. Relevant applications making use of its principle have been developed, including three-dimensional (3-D) displays and holographic cameras, interferometers for nondestructive material analysis, archival data storage systems, diffractive optical systems, and embossed display holograms for security features. The success of holography was made possible in particular by the availability of coherent laser-light sources. In the meantime holography has even been performed using microwaves, neutrons, electrons, X-rays, and acoustic waves.

The first part of this chapter is devoted to holography itself. It provides an introduction to the historical development and reviews the principle of wavefront reconstruction. This section also includes an overview of hologram classification, recording/read-out geometries, holographic techniques and recording materials. Special emphasis is given to explaining the principles of some of the most important holographic applications, finishing with a brief insight into a few of the latest discoveries making use of Gaborʼs principle, such as holographic scattering and neutron diffractive optics.

The second part of this chapter addresses trends in optical storage, focussing on holographic data storage. It highlights different approaches to achieving increased optical storage density. This section also discusses the historical development of optical storage, the need for increased storage densities (and hence storage capacities) and the role of optical storage systems in todayʼs life.

Various approaches to increasing the areal density of optical storage systems are introduced. Next, the advantages of and approaches to volume optical recording that are currently under consideration for future generations of optical storage systems are presented. The state of the art as well as physical and technical attempts to realize holographic data storage are discussed in detail.

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Abbreviations

CCD:

charge-coupled device

CGH:

computer generated hologram

CW:

continuous wave

DARPA:

United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

FIFO:

first-in first-out

HDSS:

holographic data storage system

MFD:

multilayer fluorescent disk

MSR:

magnetic super-resolution

NA:

numerical aperture

NSIC:

National Storage Industry Consortium

PDLC:

polymer-dispersed liquid crystal

PMMA:

polymethylmethacrylate

PQ:

phenanthraquinone

R/W:

rewritable

SIL:

solid-immersion lens

SLM:

spatial light modulator

SNR:

signal-to-noise ratio

TV:

television

WORM:

write-once, read-many times

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, 49069, Osnabrück, Germany

    Mirco Imlau Dr.

  2. Faculty of Physics, Department for Experimental Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Martin Fally Prof.

  3. IBM Research Division, San Jose, CA, USA

    Hans Coufal† Prof.

  4. IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, 95120, San Jose, CA, USA

    Geoffrey Burr Ph.D.

  5. Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1630 East University Boulevard, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Glenn Sincerbox Prof.

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  1. Mirco Imlau Dr.
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Imlau, M., Fally, M., Coufal†, H., Burr, G., Sincerbox, G. (2007). Holography and Optical Storage. In: Träger, F. (eds) Springer Handbook of Lasers and Optics. Springer Handbooks. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30420-5_20

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