Structural Hierarchy of Polymers

Abstract

Polymeric materials show a large variety of molecular and supramolecular structures, ranging in size from about 0.1 nm to 1 mm. In this chapter, an overview is initially provided of macromolecular structural parameters, including constitution, configuration, conformation, the coil diameter and the macromolecule size. This is followed by a discussion of the two basic macromolecular arrangements – amorphous and semicrystalline structures – and the morphologies of the various polymer classes. Some basic relationships between macromolecular parameters and properties are mentioned, along with the conclusion that mechanical properties are mainly determined by the supramolecular structures and morphologies of polymers. This insight is discussed in detail for various polymer classes in subsequent chapters in Part III.