The interesting property of supra-conductors, that below the vanishing-point temperature their supra-conductivity can be disturbed by raising the current-density, is treated in a previous paper 1); afterwards it was found, that supra-conductivity can also be disturbed by a magnetic field, of which the intensity is determined by the temperature and by the direction of the field with regard to the windings of the wire 2).
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Notes
Comm. N°. 133a, 1913.
Comm. N°. 139f, 1914.
F. B. SILSBEE, Journ. Wash. Acad, of Sci. 6, 597, 1916; Sc. Pap., Bur. of Stand., 14, N°. 307, 1917.
One of us made use of the contents of this paper for his Leiden thesis for the doctorate. W. Tuyn. “Weerstamlsmetingen in vloeibaar helium”. Diss., Leiden, 1924. His thesis having been published in Dutch and being therefore not easily accessible, we have treated the subject independently here.
About these effects see Comm. N°. 139f, § 3, 1914.
See also footnote 1 of Comm. N°. 167a, 4, 1923.
At first we supposed that the strength of the measuring current had influence on the returning of resistance in a magnetic field (e.g. W. Tuyn. Diss. Leiden 1924, p. 89). New measurements make this very improbable, at least for wires of pure material, when using currents up to 28 mA; Physica 5, 447, 1925. Afterwards a kind of hysteresis of the magnetic resistance of supra-conductors was found to exist by G. J. Sizoo, Physica 1. c. We have some reasons to suppose that the different results of tables III and IV may be ascribed to this phenomenon. [Note added in the reprint].
For which see also Comm. N°. 167a, § 2, 1923.
Comm. N°. 142b, 1914.
See § 11 of this paper.
As already stated, this value is different from the “magnetic threshold value”, formerly defined; see p. 4, note 3 of this paper.
There are, for lead, previous measurements at T = 2° K., Comm. N°. 139f, 1914, but the fields were produced with the Weiss-magnet, and with these field intensities working with wire-coils is preferable to that with the magnet.
From theoretical considerations P. W. Bridgman derives \({T^5} - T_8^5 = c{H^2}\) Jour. Wash. Acad, of Sci. 11, 455, 1921. In pursuance of the considerations of Bridgman, Prof. Keesom made röntgenograms of lead, placed in liquid hydrogen and helium; these 8 röntgenograms did not indicate any change of structure of this metal. Rapport au IVème Conseil-Solvay par H. Kamerlingh Onnes, 1924, Suppl. N°. 50a, 14, 1924; Comm. N°. 174b.
See also Comm. N°. 133a, 17, 1913.
Current threshold values of mercury, tin and lead already published have been collected by Silsbee in Sc. Pap., Bur. of Stand., 14, N°. 307, 1917; these of thallium in Comm. N°. 160a, Table III, 1922.
With these insistances the vanishing-point temperature of lead was determined; Comm. N°. 160b, 1922. The temperatures, mentioned in table XXIV, are determined in the manner sketched in that communication.
F. B. Silsbee, Sc. Pap., Bur. of Stand., 14, N°. 307, 1917.
See for another supposition however the last part of Comm. N°. 160a, § 5, 1922.
See this table in F. B. Silsbee, Sc. Pap., Bur. of Stand., 14, N°. 307, 1917.
Comm. N°. 160a, Table III, 1922.
Comm. N°. 133b, 30, 1913.
Comm. N°. 140b, c, 1914 and 141b, 1914.
Comm. N°. 139f, 1914.
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Tuyn, W., Onnes, H.K. (1991). Further experiments with liquid helium, AA. The disturbance of supra-conductivity by magnetic fields and currents. The hypothesis of Silsbee. In: Gavroglu, K., Goudaroulis, Y. (eds) Through Measurement to Knowledge. Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol 124. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2079-8_23
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