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Primary Cilia in Cerebral Cortex: Growth and Functions on Neuronal and Non-neuronal Cells

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Cilia and Nervous System Development and Function

Abstract

The prevailing view until very recently was that primary neuronal cilia, which were first described in electron microscopic studies of the central nervous system (CNS) approximately 50 years ago, were likely vestigial. This was due in large part to their lost motility during the course of evolution. For decades, further investigation into these structures was hampered by the lack of methods to specifically label cilia and the paucity of information about their growth and function in the CNS. In this chapter, we review the unexpected roles that primary cilia have in shaping the CNS and in particular the generation and maturation of cells in the postnatal cerebral cortex. We discuss newly available research tools for detecting cilia and manipulating ciliogenesis. Focusing on the mammalian cerebral cortex, this chapter reviews the patterns of growth of neuronal cilia, signaling profiles and putative functions of neuronal and non-neuronal cilia, and potential consequences of abnormal ciliogenesis in these cell types.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA

    Matthew R. Sarkisian

  2. Department of Neurobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

    Jon I. Arellano

  3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA

    Joshua J. Breunig

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  1. Matthew R. Sarkisian
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  3. Joshua J. Breunig
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Correspondence to Matthew R. Sarkisian .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 307, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany

    Kerry L. Tucker

  2. , Human Genetics, Emory University, Michael Street, Suite 301 615, Atlanta, 30322, Georgia, USA

    Tamara Caspary

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Sarkisian, M.R., Arellano, J.I., Breunig, J.J. (2013). Primary Cilia in Cerebral Cortex: Growth and Functions on Neuronal and Non-neuronal Cells. In: Tucker, K., Caspary, T. (eds) Cilia and Nervous System Development and Function. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5808-7_4

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