Abstract
In this chapter, we briefly review quantum optics. We first show quantized electromagnetic fields. The electric and magnetic field operators are represented by the photon annihilation and creation operators. We then show three characteristic single-mode quantum states: the coherent state, vacuum state and squeezed vacuum state. The squeezed state is the essential resource for one-way quantum computation. It can be experimentally generated by using optical parametric oscillators (OPOs). The quantum formalism of an OPO is provided via the quantum Langevin equation. As the last issue, we refer to homodyne measurement, which is the essential measurement technique in quantum optics.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
- 2.
\(\hbar \) is abbreviated to \(\hbar = \frac{1}{2},1\) and \(2\) depending on papers, which sometimes leads to confusion.
- 3.
When \(r>0\), it becomes an \(x\)-squeezed state. When \(r=0\), it is the vacuum state. When \(r<0\), it becomes a \(p\)-squeezed state.
References
Leonhardt, U.: Measuring the Quantum State of Light. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1997)
Furusawa, A., van Loock, P.: Quantum Teleportation and Entanglement. WILEY-VCH, New York (2011)
Collett, M.J., Gardiner, C.W.: Squeezing of intracavity and traveling-wave light fields produced in parametric amplification. Phys. Rev. A 30, 1386 (1984)
Gardiner, C.W., Collett, M.J.: Input and output in damped quantum systems: Quantum stochastic differential equations and the master equation. Phys. Rev. A 31, 3761 (1985)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer Japan
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ukai, R. (2015). Quantum Optics. In: Multi-Step Multi-Input One-Way Quantum Information Processing with Spatial and Temporal Modes of Light. Springer Theses. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55019-8_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55019-8_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-55018-1
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-55019-8
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)