Zusammenfassung
Identität ist für die Ethnologie, wie für andere Disziplinen auch, seit den 1970er Jahren zu einem zentralen Konzept geworden. Die Ethnologie entwickelt sich in enger Auseinandersetzung mit den benachbarten Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaften und, in Teilbereichen, auch der Psychologie, und so gibt es wohl keine völlig eigenständige Perspektive der Ethnologie auf Identität, sondern eher Überlappungen und wechselseitige Anstöße. Aber man kann doch einige Besonderheiten der ethnologischen Diskussion(en) von Identität benennen. Einleitend möchte ich zunächst auf drei Punkte verweisen. Ausgehend von Erik Eriksens grundlegender Bestimmung von Identität als „sowohl ein dauerndes inneres Sich-Selbst-Gleichsein [als auch] ein dauerndes Teilhaben an bestimmten gruppenspezifischen Charakterzügen“(Eriksen 1997: 124) kann der kollektive Aspekt von Identität vom individuellen unterschieden werden. Die Ethnologie hat sich mit beiden Aspekten befasst, und zwar in zwei getrennten Strängen der Debatte und Theoriebildung, die sich bis vor wenigen Jahren kaum berührten.
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Sökefeld, M. (2012). Identität – ethnologische Perspektiven. In: Petzold, H.G. (eds) Identität. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-93079-4_2
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