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Regulatory T cells Versus Th17: Differentiation of Th17 Versus Treg, Are They Mutually Exclusive?

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IL-17, IL-22 and Their Producing Cells: Role in Inflammation and Autoimmunity

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

Abstract

Naive CD4+ cells differentiate into T helper (Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells to execute their immunologic function. Whereas TGF-β suppresses Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, this cytokine promotes Th9, Th17, and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells depending upon the existence of other cytokines. IL-6 promotes Th17 but suppresses regulatory T cell differentiation. Moreover, natural but not TGF-β-induced regulatory T cells convert into Th17 cells in the inflammatory milieu. This chapter discusses the updates of these cell differentiation and conversion, as well as underlying mechanisms.

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Acknowledgments

This work was in part supported by grants from the NIH R01 AR 059103, NIH R43 AR 084359, Arthritis Foundation; Wright Foundation; the Arthritis National Research Foundation; the Clinical Research Feasibility Fund; the James H. Zumberge Faculty Research and Innovation Fund; the Outstanding Youth Scientist Investigator Award from National Nature Science Foundation of China (30728007); Science and Technology Committee Project of Shanghai Pudong New Area (PKJ2009-Y41), and the American College of Rheumatology Research and Education’s Within Our Reach: Finding a Cure for Rheumatoid Arthritis campaign.

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  1. Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, 2011 Zonal Avenue, HMR 710A, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA

    Song Guo Zheng

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  1. Song Guo Zheng
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Correspondence to Song Guo Zheng .

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  1. Institut de Transgénose, Labo. d'Immunologie et, CNRS, rue de la Férollerie 3B, Orleans CX 2, 45071, France

    Valérie Quesniaux

  2. Institut de Transgénose, Labo. d'Immunologie et, CNRS, rue de la Férollerie 3B, Orleans CX 2, 45071, France

    Bernhard Ryffel

  3. Novartis Institute for Biomedical, Research (NIBR), Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, 4002, Switzerland

    Franco Padova

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Zheng, S.G. (2013). Regulatory T cells Versus Th17: Differentiation of Th17 Versus Treg, Are They Mutually Exclusive?. In: Quesniaux, V., Ryffel, B., Padova, F. (eds) IL-17, IL-22 and Their Producing Cells: Role in Inflammation and Autoimmunity. Progress in Inflammation Research. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0522-3_6

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