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Central Role of Th17 Cells in Adaptive Immune Responses

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IL-17, IL-22 and Their Producing Cells: Role in Inflammation and Autoimmunity

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

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Abstract

Th17 cells have emerged as a crucial T helper effector subset in various pathological conditions including autoimmune diseases. The type and the amount of antigens as well as the degree of activation of various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) determine the quality of the response of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which influence the generation of induced T regulatory (iTreg) cells or of effector T cells. Properly activated dendritic cells (DCs) can secrete cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-23 which direct the generation of Th17 cells over iTreg cells. Moreover, DCs are fully equipped only for the generation of Th17 effector cells. For the generation of Th1 and Th2 effector cells, the involvement of other cell types is often required. NKT cells contribute IFN-γ for the generation of Th1 effector cells, while basophils and other cell types facilitate the generation of Th2 cells by providing IL-4. In addition, available data suggest that Th17 cells are often activated also in responses to intracellular pathogens and parasites, which are considered typical Th1 and Th2 responses. There is flexibility in the immune response and inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, can convert iTreg cells into Th17 cells, and IFN-γ and IL-23 or IL-4 might act on Th17 cells to convert them into populations of cells able to secrete both IL-17A and IFN-γ or IL-17A and IL-4.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, WSJ 386-1048, Basel, CH-4002, Switzerland

    Franco Di Padova M.D.

  2. UMR7355 INEM, Experimental and Molecular Immunology and Neurogenetics, CNRS et Université d’Orleans, Orleans - Cedex 2, France

    Bernhard Ryffel M.D. & Valerie Quesniaux Ph.D.

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  1. Franco Di Padova M.D.
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  3. Valerie Quesniaux Ph.D.
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  1. Institut de Transgénose, Labo. d'Immunologie et, CNRS, rue de la Férollerie 3B, Orleans CX 2, 45071, France

    Valérie Quesniaux

  2. Institut de Transgénose, Labo. d'Immunologie et, CNRS, rue de la Férollerie 3B, Orleans CX 2, 45071, France

    Bernhard Ryffel

  3. Novartis Institute for Biomedical, Research (NIBR), Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, 4002, Switzerland

    Franco Padova

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Di Padova, F., Ryffel, B., Quesniaux, V. (2013). Central Role of Th17 Cells in Adaptive Immune Responses. In: Quesniaux, V., Ryffel, B., Padova, F. (eds) IL-17, IL-22 and Their Producing Cells: Role in Inflammation and Autoimmunity. Progress in Inflammation Research. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0522-3_5

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