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Natural Products as Anti-inflammatory Agents

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Obesity, Inflammation and Cancer

Part of the book series: Energy Balance and Cancer ((EBAC,volume 7))

Abstract

Inflammation is triggered by numerous factors including oxidative stress, environmental pollutants, microbial agents, and physical damage to tissues. Chronic inflammation, characterized by a prevalence of macrophages and lymphocytes in the affected tissues and the overexpression of a host of cellular cytokines, chemokines, and inflammatory enzymes, promotes all stages of cancer development including initiation, promotion, cell transformation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. This chapter describes some key mechanisms by which naturally occurring dietary compounds, either alone or in combination, reduce the harmful effects of inflammation and the risk for cancer development. The most extensively studied compounds are a series of polyphenols which influence the inflammatory process in multiple ways including their ability to scavenge oxidative radicals, influence carcinogen activation and detoxification, and regulate expression levels of numerous transcription activators and their associated cytokines, chemokines, and inflammatory enzymes. In the past, the inhibitory effects of naturally occurring compounds, especially the polyphenols, have been attributed mainly to their intrinsic antioxidant capacity; however, it is likely that their direct binding to cellular macromolecules and the associated effects on gene transcription and translation, as well as on enzyme activity, may be equally as important.

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  1. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA

    Gary Stoner Ph.D. & Li-Shu Wang Ph.D.

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  1. Gary Stoner Ph.D.
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  2. Li-Shu Wang Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Gary Stoner Ph.D. .

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  1. , Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 E. 68th St. Room F-206, New York, 10065, New York, USA

    Andrew J. Dannenberg

  2. School of Medicine, Center for Science, Health & Society, Case Western Reserve University, Euclid Ave. 10900, Cleveland, 44106, Ohio, USA

    Nathan A. Berger

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Stoner, G., Wang, LS. (2013). Natural Products as Anti-inflammatory Agents. In: Dannenberg, A., Berger, N. (eds) Obesity, Inflammation and Cancer. Energy Balance and Cancer, vol 7. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6819-6_13

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