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Maize and the Biotech Industry

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Book cover Handbook of Maize

The story of maize and the biotech industry is predominantly a tale of technological innovations and scientific discoveries that have led to products which have added significant value to the crop and boosted farm income. The primary impact of biotechnology on maize has been through transformation. The initial development of plant transformation was enabled by the suitability of the Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to serve as a natural transformation vector that could be engineered to introduce novel genes into dicots. Since maize is not naturally infected by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, transformation of maize was not accomplished until the invention of biolistic transformation, though with the later invention of super-binary vectors, efficient Agro-mediated transformation of maize was achieved. Advances in tissue culture and plant regeneration also played a significant role in enabling development of the maize biotech industry. Molecular markers have been enlisted to accelerate progress in conventional corn breeding. Herbicide tolerance derived from several sources and insect resistance through modification of gene constructs coding for Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins comprise the current product base of the industry. RNA interference technology is being harnessed and applied to gene regulation and insect pest control. Development of functional artificial chromosomes promises to extend the power of biotechnology in the modification of plants. Many patent applications have been filed and granted for a wide array of additional technological innovations and products, many of which are likely to be soon commercialized.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago

    G. Richard Johnson

Authors
  1. G. Richard Johnson
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  2. Zoe P. McCuddin
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Correspondence to G. Richard Johnson .

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  1. Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602–7223, USA

    Jeffrey L. Bennetzen

  2. USDA Plant Gene Expression Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA, 94710, USA

    Sarah Hake

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Johnson, G.R., McCuddin, Z.P. (2009). Maize and the Biotech Industry. In: Bennetzen, J.L., Hake, S. (eds) Handbook of Maize. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77863-1_6

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