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Regulation of glucose metabolism in bacterial systems

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Microbial Reactions

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering ((ABE,volume 23))

Abstract

In the past 10 years there have been rapid developments in the elucidation of the mechanisms of the Pasteur (or oxygen) and the Crabtree (or glucose repression of the respiratory chain) Effects in bacterial systems, which convincingly exhibit the difference between the regulatory mechanisms in yeast and bacteria. The presented review will demonstrate that the enzyme phosphofructokinase plays no role in the mechanism of the Pasteur effect and that there exists no glucose repression on biomass formation in bacteria under aerobic conditions. Endproduct formation is caused aerobically and anaerobically by an oversupply of NADHP2, whereas biomass correlates to energy supply. This development indicates very strongly that the mechanism of the Pasteur effect may be reflected solely in the change of glucose uptake rates and must therefore be sought at the cell membrane. In regard to the Crabtree Effect, the question arises whether there exists such a mechanism in bacteria. The variability of the bacterial electron transport systems, the lack of cytochrome a as terminal oxidase together with bioenergetic investigations indicate that the Crabtree effect may give cause for an alteration but not for a cessation of respiratory activity.

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Abbreviations

AMP:

adenosine monophosphate

ADP:

adenosine diphosphate

ATP:

adenosine triphosphate

Pi:

inorganic phosphate

cAMP:

cyclic 3′, 5′-adenosine monophosphate

FBP:

fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate

PFK:

phosphofructokinase

A:

activator (at inhibitory or non-inhibitory levels of ATP)

A*:

absolute necessary for enzyme activity I inhibitor

NE:

no effect

—:

not determined

PEP:

phosphorenolpyruvate

F 6-P:

fructose 6-phosphate

G 6-P:

glucose 6-phosphate

Yg :

molar growth yield = biomass/glucose (g M −1)

Qg :

specific glucose uptake rate = glucose/biomass × time (m M g−1 h−1)

Qo2 :

specific oxygen uptake rate = oxygen/biomass × time (m M g− h−1)

Yo:

molar growth yield = biomass/g atom oxygen (gg −1)

qo2 :

μ Y −1o

cyt:

cytochrome

SH2 :

reduced substrate

S:

oxidized substrate

QH2 :

ubiquinol

QH*:

ubisemiquinone

Q:

ubiquinone

Q:

ubiquinone reaction center

e:

electron

NAD/NADH:

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidized/reduced form

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  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Queensland, 4067, St. Lucia, Qld., Australia

    Horst W. Doelle, Ken N. Ewings & Neil W. Hollywood

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Doelle, H.W., Ewings, K.N., Hollywood, N.W. (1982). Regulation of glucose metabolism in bacterial systems. In: Microbial Reactions. Advances in Biochemical Engineering, vol 23. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3540116982_1

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