Abstract
Radiation exposure of workers in the oil-gas industry can occur by inhalation of high-levels of radon gas; increased gamma dose rates; increased gamma dose rate due to 226Ra, 210Pb, 228Ra, and 228Th. The waste also has elevated contents of long-lived radionuclides. Finally, the recycling of waste originating within the oil-gas industry can pose a contamination problem. The various exposure pathways and a regulatory framework are discussed with regard to their applicability to the conditions in the Caspian Region.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
GESELL, T.F., (1975). Occupational rad. exposure due to Rn222.H.Physics 29(5). 681.
STEINHÄUSLER, F. (1980). Assessment of the radiation. TAEC Tech.Jour.7(2). 55–65
ICRP. (1991). Recommendations, Pub. no. 60, Pergamon Press, Oxford.
IAEA. (1996). International basic safety standards for protection. IAEA Safety Series 115.
IBRAHIM, K. (2003). Azer. Newsletter, Emb.Republic of Azerbaijan, Washington, D.C.
STEINHÄUSLER, F. (1990). Technologically enhanced natural radiation and related risks, Proc. Int. Conf. “High Levels of Natural Radiation”, Ramsar, Iran, 163.
STEINHÄUSER, F., PASCHOA, A.S. AND ZAHAROWSKI, W. (2000) Radiological impact due to oil-and gas extraction and processing: Proc. IRPA Congress, Hiroshima.
ZAHAROWSKI, W. (1999). Naturally occurring radioactive. App.Rad.Isot. 48. 1391–96.
HOOGSTRAATE, H., VAN SONSBECK, R. (2002). Training on NORM: increasing awareness, reducing occupational dose, IAEA TECDOC no. 1271.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA), Diffuse NORM. (1991). Waste characterisation; and preliminary risk assessment, USEPA, Air and Radiation (ANR-460).
SAPPOK, M., QUADE, U. and KREH, R. (1998). Naturally occurring radioactive material Proc. 30th Ann. “Fachverband für Strahlenschutz e.V.”, Radioakt.Mensch.Umwelt, 1, Lindau.
KOLB, W.A. and WOIJCIK. (1985). Science of the Total Environment 45. 127–134.
WARNER JONES (2002). Proc. 7th Int. Natural Rad. Symp.P.No 0230, Rhodos (in press).
EUROPEAN UNION, Council Directive 96/29/Euratom. (1996). Basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers. Official J.European Community, L 159, Vol 39.
UNSCEAR. (2000). Sources and Effects of Ionising Radiation, United Nations, NY, USA.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this paper
Cite this paper
Steinhäusler, F. (2004). Radiological Impact on Man and the Environment from the Oil and Gas Industry: Risk Assessment for the Critical Group. In: Zaidi, M.K., Mustafaev, I. (eds) Radiation Safety Problems in the Caspian Region. Nato Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences, vol 41. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2378-2_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2378-2_19
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-2376-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-2378-1
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)