Skip to main content
Log in

Formulation Development of Parenteral Phospholipid-based Microemulsion of Etoposide

  • Research Article
  • Published:
AAPS PharmSciTech Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of a phospholipid-based microemulsion formulation for parenteral delivery of anticancer drug, etoposide. The microemulsion area was identified by constructing pseudoternary phase diagrams. The prepared microemulsions were subjected to different thermodynamic stability tests. The microemulsion formulations that passed thermodynamic stability tests were characterized for optical birefringence, droplet size, viscosity measurement, and pH measurements. To assess the safety of the formulations for parenteral delivery, the formulation was subjected to compatibility studies with various intravenous infusions and in vitro erythrocyte toxicity study. The developed formulation was found to be robust and safe for parenteral delivery.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. (2000) Physicians desk reference, 54th edition. Medical Economics Company, Inc. Montvale, New Jersey, pp. 888–889

  2. Strickley RG. Solubilizing excipients in oral and injectable formulations. Pharm Res. 2004;21:201–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Darwish IA, Florence AT, Saleh AM. Effects of hydrotropic agents on the solubility, precipitation, and protein binding of etoposide. J Pharm Sci. 1989;78:577–81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Date AA, Nagarsenker MS. Parenteral microemulsions: an overview. Int J Pharm. 2008;355:19–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Rowe RC, Sheskey PJ, Weller PJ (eds) (2003) Handbook of pharmaceutical excipients, 4th edition. Pharmaceutical Press, London/American Pharmaceutical Association, Washington

  6. Panaggio A, Rhodes CT, Worthen LR. The possible use of autoclaving microemulsion for sterilization. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1979;5:169–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Prince LM. In: Prince LM, editor. Microemulsions: theory and practice. London: Academic; 1977. p. 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Attwood D. Microemulsions. In: Kreuter J, editor. Colloidal drug delivery systems, vol. 66. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1994. p. 31–71.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Block LH. Pharmaceutical emulsions and microemulsions. In: Lieberman HA, Rieger MM, editors. Pharmaceutical dosage forms: disperse systems, vol. 2. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1996. p. 47–109.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bock TK, Muller BW. A novel assay to determine the hemolytic activity of drugs incorporated in colloidal carriers systems. Pharm Res. 1994;11:589–91.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Tian L, He H, Tang X. Stability and degradation kinetics of etoposide-loaded parenteral lipid emulsion. J Pharm Sci. 2007;96(7):1719–28.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Panaggio A, Rhodes CT, Worthen LR. The possible use of autoclaving microemulsion for sterilization. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 1979;5:169–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the University Grant Commission (New Delhi, India) for providing financial support for this project. The authors are also thankful to Degussa and Abitec Corp. USA for providing the gift samples of oils, surfactants, and cosurfactants.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vandana Patravale.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jain, J., Fernandes, C. & Patravale, V. Formulation Development of Parenteral Phospholipid-based Microemulsion of Etoposide. AAPS PharmSciTech 11, 826–831 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-010-9440-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-010-9440-x

Key words

Navigation