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Liquid-phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and o-nitrochlorobenzene in the presence of phosphorus-containing palladium nanoparticles

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Abstract

The properties of phosphorus-modified palladium catalysts in the liquid-phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and o-nitrochlorobenzene have been investigated. A general regularity in the reduction of the nitro compounds in the presence of the phosphorus-containing palladium catalysts is an autoacceleration observed at large P: Pd ratios of 0.7–1.5. The autoacceleration is due to a redox process between the intermediate (azoxy derivative) and PdP2, a component of the catalyst nanoparticles. A promoting effect of elemental phosphorus on the chemoselectivity of the Pd-P catalysts in o-nitrochlorobenzene hydrogenation has been discovered. The main factors responsible for the changes in the quantitative characteristics of the phosphorus-modified palladium nanoparticles are considered. Among these factors there are the nature of the nanoparticles, their size, and the state of the surface layer. The properties of the Pd-P catalysts are determined by the proportions of palladium clusters and palladium phosphides (Pd(0) and Pd x P) in the nanoparticles. The formation of the clusters and phosphides has been confirmed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia

    L. B. Belykh, N. I. Skripov, T. P. Stepanova & F. K. Shmidt

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  1. L. B. Belykh
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  2. N. I. Skripov
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  3. T. P. Stepanova
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  4. F. K. Shmidt
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Correspondence to L. B. Belykh.

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Original Russian Text © L.B. Belykh, N.I. Skripov, T.P. Stepanova, F.K. Shmidt, 2015, published in Kinetika i Kataliz, 2015, Vol. 56, No. 2, pp. 182–190.

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Belykh, L.B., Skripov, N.I., Stepanova, T.P. et al. Liquid-phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene and o-nitrochlorobenzene in the presence of phosphorus-containing palladium nanoparticles. Kinet Catal 56, 181–189 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0023158415010036

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0023158415010036

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