Abstract
Purpose of Review
The article aims to systematize and disseminate the main contributions of indigenous ancestral wisdom in the agroecological production of food, especially in Latin America. For this purpose, it is necessary to ask whether such knowledge can be accepted by academia research groups and international forums as a valid alternative that could contribute to overcome the world's nutritional problems.
Recent Findings
Although no new findings are being made, the validity of ancestral knowledge and agroecology is recognized by scientific research, and by international forums organized by agencies of the United Nations. These recommend that governments should implement them in their policies of development, and in the allocation of funds to support these initiatives.
Summary
Agroecology and ancestral knowledge are being adopted by a growing number of organizations, indigenous peoples and social groups in various parts of the world, as development alternatives that respond to local needs and worldviews. Its productive potential is progressively being recognized at an international level as a model that contributes to improve the condition of people regarding nutritional food.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: ••Of major importance
FAO, FIDA y PMA. El estado de la inseguridad alimentaria en el mundo 2015. Cumplimiento de los objetivos internacionales para 2015 en relación con el hambre: balance de los desiguales progresos. Roma: FAO; 2015.
Meadows D, Meadows D, Randers J, Behrens W. The limits to growth. A report for the Clñub of Rome’s project on the predicament for mankind. New York: Universe Books; 1972.
Horkheimer M. Teoría Crítica. Barcelona: Barral; 1971.
La QA. Colonialidad y modernidad-racionalidad. Bogotá: Mundo; 1992.
Escobar A. Mas allá del Tercer Mundo. Globalización y Diferencia. Bogotá: Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia; 2005.
Michel C, Huntington S, Watanuk J. The Crisis of Democracy: On the Governability of Democracies. New York: University Press; 1975.
Ángeles A, Gámez E y A. Ivanova A. La crisis multidimensional y la economía ecológica. Economía Informa; 2010. p. 365.
Mazoyer M, Roudart L. História das agriculturas no mundo: do neolitico à crise comtemporânea. São Paulo: UNESP; Brasilia, DF: NEAD; 2010. p. 568.
Venturini RB, Ugón FQA. Agricultura agroecológica - orgánica en el Uruguay. Principales conceptos, situación actual y desafíos. Uruguay; 2007.
Caporal FR, d. Azevedo EO (Orgs.). Princípios e Perspectivas da Agroecologia. Paraná: Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Paraná - Educação a Distância; 2011.
Vitule ML. Agricultura e Globalização, Campinas; 1996.
Petersen P. Agroecologia e a superação do paradigma da modernização. de Agroecologia: práticas, mercados e políticas para uma nova agricultura. Curitiba, Kairós; 2013. p. 393.
Corrêa RL Interações Espaciais, de Explorações geográficas: percursos no fim do século. Rio de Janeiro: Bertrand Brasil; 1997.
Altieri M, Nicholls CI. Agroecología: Teoria y práctica para una agricultura sustentable. México: PNUMA; 2000.
García JE Intoxicaciones agudas con plaguicidas: costos humanos y económicos. Revista Panamericana de Salud Publica. 1998;4(6).
Organización Mundial de la Salud, Consecuencias sanitarias del empleo de plaguicidas en la agricultura, Ginebra: OMS; 1992.
Oficina Internacional del Trabajo, Programa de Actividades Sectoriales, Los asalariados agrícolas: condiciones de empleo y de trabajo, Ginebra: TMAWW; 1996.
Gunnell D, Eddleston M, Phillips MR, Konradse F. The global distribution of fatal pesticide self-poisoning: systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2007;7(1):35.
Mnif W, Hassine AIH. y et al. Effect of endocrine disruptor pesticides: a review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011;8(6):2265–303.
Bolognesi C, Merlo F. Pesticides: human health effects. Encycl Environ Health. 2011;438–453.
Carneiro FF (Org.) Dossiê ABRASCO: um alerta sobre os impactos dos agrotóxicos na saúde. Rio de Janeiro: EPSJV; São Paulo: Expressão Popular; 2015.
Mostafalou S, Abdollahi M. Pesticides and human chronic diseases: evidences, mechanisms, and perspectives. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2013;268(2):157–77.
Horrigan L, Lawrence RS, Walker P. How sustainable agriculture can address the environmental and human health harms of industrial agriculture. Environl Health Persp. 2002;110(5):445–56.
Benítez S. Plaguicidas y efectos sobre la salud humana: un estado del arte. Trab Ambient. 2012;1:1–97.
Lopez S, Aiassa D, et al. Pesticides used in South American GMO-based agriculture: a review of their effects on humans and animal models. Advances in Molec Toxicol. 2012;6:41–75.
Bergman A, Heindel JEA. State of science of endocrine disrupting chemicals, Geneve: Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals; 2012.
Hugh P. The Trading and Use of Agrochemicals. In Sustainable Food Production Includes Human and Environmental Health. Issues in Agroecology–Present Status and Future Prospectus. 2014;vol. 3.
Zhang J, Zhang JEA. Endocrine-disrupting effects of pesticides through interference with human glucocorticoid receptor. Environ Sci Technol. 2016;50:435–43.
Liu Y, Liu FA. Protecting the environment and public health from pesticides. Environ Sci Technol. 2012;46:5658–9.
Halden R. Introduction to Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Environment: Ecological and Human Health Considerations. de ACS Symposium Series; 2010.
Aaron C. Organophosphates and carbamates. de Haddad and Winchester’s Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2007.
Abou-Donia M. Organophosphorus ester-induced chronic neurotoxicity,». Arch Environ Health. 2003;58(8):484–97.
Floriani D. Conhecimento, meio ambiente e globalização. Curitiba: Juruá; 2004. p. 174.
Santos M. Por uma outra globalização: do pensamento único à ciência universal, 6 ed. Rio de Janeiro - São Paulo: Editora Record; 2001.
Ianni O A era do globalismo, 4 ed., Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira; 1999. p. 256.
Mead M. The changing significant of food. In: Counijam C, editor. Food and culture. Londres: Routledge; 1997. p. 15.
Kay C. El desarrollo excluyente y desigual en la América Latina rural. Nueva Sociedad. 1995;137:62.
Chonchol J. Sistemas agrários en América Latina: de la etapa prehispánica a la modernización conservadora. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica; 1994. p. 445.
Giarracca N. Movimientos sociales y protestas en los mundos rurales latinoamericanos: nuevos escenarios y nuevos enfoques. Sociologias. 4(8):246-274.
Wachtel N. Los Vencidos: Los Indios del Perú frente a la conquista Española (1530–1570). Madrid: Editorial Alianza; 1976.
Yanez J. Yanantin, La Filosofia dialogica intercultural del Manuscrito de Huarochir. Quito: Abya-Yala; 2002.
Wasi UIA. Aprender en la Sabiduría y el Buen Vivi. Quito: Imprenta Mariscal; 2004.
Walsh C. Interculturalidad Crítica y Pedagogía de-colonial,» de Diversidad, Interculturalidad y construcción de ciudad. Bogotá: Universidad Pedagógica Nacional; 2008. p. 55–6.
Suquilanda M. Producción Orgánica de Cultivos Andinos. Quito: Grafica Publiasesores; 2011.
Rivera JR, Hensel J. Manual Práctico de Agricultura Orgánica y Panes de Piedra, Cali. Impresora Feriva SA: Colombia; 2009.
Suquilanda M. Producción Orgánica de Cultivos Andinos. Quito-Ecuador: Publiasesores, Ed; 2011.
Cachiguango LE. Yakumama: La crianza de la vida – La música ritual del hatun puncha inti raymi en Kotama, Otavalo, -Quito: Ministerio de Cultura del Ecuador, 2010.
•• Kremen C, Iles A, Bacon C. Diversified farming systems: an agroecological, systems-based alternative to modern industrial agriculture. Ecol Soc. 2014;17(4):44. A good systematic review of agroecology.
Branderburg A. Movimento Agroecológico: trajetória, contradições e perspectivas. Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente. 2002;6:11–28.
Caporal FR (Org), Costabeber JA, Paulus G. Agroecologia: uma ciência do campo da complexidade. Brasília; 2009. p. 111.
Caporal FR, Costabeber JA. Agroecologia: enfoque ciêntifico e extratégico. Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Rural Sustentável. 2002;3(2).
Caporal F, Costabeber J, Paulus G. Agroecologia: Matriz disciplinar ou novo paradigma para o desenvolvimento rural sustentável. Brasília (DF); 2006.
Wezel A, Casagrande M, et al. Agroecological practices for sustainable agriculture. A review. Agron Sustain Develop. 2014;34(1):1–20.
Gliessmann SR. Agroecologia: processos ecológicos em agricultura sustentável. 4th ed. Porto Alegre: Universidade/UFRGS; 2009.
Altieri MA. Agroecologia: a dinamica produtiva da agricultura sustentável. 4th ed. Editora da UFRGS: Porto Alegre; 2004.
Cabrero F. Hacia un diálogo de saberes para el buen vivir y el ejercicio de los derechos culturales, vol. 1. Quito-Ecuador: Flacson Sede-Ecuador; 2013.
Holt GE. Campesino a campesino: Voces de Latinoamérica Movimiento Campesino para la Agricultura Sustentable. Managua: SIMAS; 2008.
Comunidad Andina. Agricultura Familiar Agroecológica Campesina en la Comunidad Andina: Una opcion para mejorar la seguridad alimentaria y conservar la biodiversidad. Peru; 2011.
Kessel J, Larrain H. Manos sabias para cuidar la vida. Tecnología Andina. de Simposio No. 49 Congreso Internacional de Americanistas. Quito, Ediciones Abya Yala; 1997. pp. 5–410.
Dumont B, Fortun-Lamothe L, Jouven M, Thomas MTM. Prospects from agroecology and industrial ecology for animal production in the 21st century. Animal. 2013;7(6):1028–43.
Rosset P. La reforma agraria, la tierra y el teritorio: evolución del pensamiento de La Viía Campesina. Mundo Agrario. 2016;17(35):1–21.
Gordillo G, Obed JM. Food Security and Sovereignty (Base Document for discussion). Rome: FAO; 2013.
Morocho H. Agua, suelo y Semilla tres elementos vitales para mantener el Buen Vivir/Vivir Bien, de los campesinos del norte de Pichincha, garantizando alimentos nutritivos del campo a la ciudad. 2016.
Mendez V, Bacon C, Cohen R. Agroecology as a transdisciplinary, participatory, and action-oriented approach. Agroecol Sustain Food Syst. 2013;37(1):3–18.
Holt-Giménez E, Altieri M. La Agroecología “Lite”: Cooptación y Resistencia en los Países del Norte. 18 Octubre 2016. [En línea]. Available: https://foodfirst.org/la-agroecologia-lite-cooptacion-y-resistencia-en-los-paises-del-norte/. [Último acceso: 06 Enero 2017].
Fernandez M, Goodall K, Richards M, Mendez VE. Agroecología y Movimientos Agroalimentarios Alternativos en los Estados Unidos: Hacia un Sistema Agroalimentario Sostenible. Agroecología. 2013;8:81–8.
Movimiento Agroecológico de America Latina y el Caribe. Soberanía Alimentaria Biodiversidad Mercados Locales. 23 Junio 2010. [En línea]. Available: https://maelac.wordpress.com/. [Último acceso: 07 Enero 2017].
Sociedad Latino Americana de Agroecología. Sociedad Latino Americana de Agroecología, SOCLA. [En línea]. Available: https://www.socla.co/. [Último acceso: 06 Enero 2017].
Associação Brasileira de Agroecologia. Associação Brasileira de Agroecologia. [En línea]. Available: http://aba-agroecologia.org.br/wordpress/. [Último acceso: 06 Enero 2017].
La Via Campesina Movimiento Campesino Internacional. La Via Campesina Movimiento Campesino Internacional. [En línea]. Available: https://viacampesina.org/es/. [Último acceso: 07 Enero 2017].
Coodinadoria Latino Americana de Organizacion del Campo. Coodinadoria Latino Americana de Organizacion del Campo. [En línea]. Available: http://www.cloc-viacampesina.net/. [Último acceso: 07 Enero 2017].
International Fereration of Organic Agriculture. International Fereration of Organic Agriculture. [En línea]. Available: https://www.ifoam.bio/. [Último acceso: 06 Enero 2017].
Rosset P, Sosa B, Jaime A, Lozano D. The Campesino-to-Campesino agroecology movement of ANAP in Cuba: social process methodology in the construction of sustainable peasant agriculture and food sovereignty. J Peasant Stud. 2011;38(1):161–91.
Roba K, O'Connor T. Seasonal variation in nutritional status and anemia among lactating mothers in two agro-ecological zones of rural Ethiopia: a longitudinal study. Nutrition. 2015;31(10):1213–8.
Wielgosz B, Kato E, Ringler C. Agro-ecology, household economics and malaria in Uganda: empirical correlations between agricultural and health outcomes. Malar J. 2014;13(251):2–11.
Nyantakyi-Frimpong H, Mambulu F, et al. Agroecology and sustainable food systems: Participatory research to improve food security among HIV-affected households in northern Malawi. Soc Sci Med. 2016;164:89–99.
•• Veterenaries Sans Frontiers. Agroecology and one health. Position Paper, 2014;3:1–5, 2014. A good integrated approach to the integration of social and environmental perspectives into public health.
•• Rayner G, Lang T. Ecological public health: the 21st century’s big idea?,» Br Med J; 2012. A sound recommendation to what should be the new perspective of public health in the new century.
Restrepo J. El ABC de la agricultura orgánica y harina de rocas, Managua: SIMAS; 2007.
Dixon J. The public health contribution to the discursive struggles surrounding food security and food sovereignty. Dialogue Hum Geograph. 2014;4(2):200–5.
Azevedo E, Pelicioni M. Agroecology and health promotion in Brazil. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2012;31(4):290–5.
Akorta I, Albizu I, et al. Climbing a ladder: a step-by-step approach to understanding the concept of agroecosystem health. Rev Environ Health. 2004;19(2):141–59.
Miller M. Agroecology for Health and Nutrition. Food Tank. 2014.
Schutter O, Sepulveda M. Underwriting the poor. A Global Fund for Social Protection. United Nations Debriefing Note 07; 2012. pp. 1–5.
Organizacion Intenacional del Trabajo. C169 - Convenio sobre pueblos indígenas y tribales. 1989.
Leff E. Agroecologia e saber ambiental. Agroecole Desenv Rur Sustent. 2001. p. 16.
Harper Collins Publishers Limited, « Collins Dictionary,» [En línea]. Available: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english . [Último acceso: 18 March 2017].
Wikipedia The Free Enciclopedia, [En línea]. Available: https://en.wikipedia.org. [Último acceso: 18 Marcch 2017].
Gusmán ES, Woodgate G. Agroecologia: Fundamentos del Pensamiento Social Agrario y Teoria Sociológica. Agroecologia. 2013;8(2):27–34.
Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. [En línea]. Available:https://plato.stanford.edu. [Último acceso: 18 March 2017].
Gallegos Elias C. Epistemología crítica. Ponencia central. Epistemologia de las ciencias sociales. 2012;26(59).
•• Schutter OD. Report of the Special Rapporteur on the right to food, Olivier De Schutter, United Nations - General Assembly; 2014. This article provides a sound acknowledgement and recommendation for agroecology as an international strategy.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge that they have not received any financial support for this article.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
José Suárez-Torres, José Ricardo Suárez-López, Dolores López-Paredes, Hilario Morocho, Luis Enrique Cachiguango-Cachiguango, and William Dellai declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent
This article does not contain any studies performed by any of the authors on human or animal subjects.
Additional information
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Global Environmental Health and Sustainability
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Suárez-Torres, J., Suárez-López, J.R., López-Paredes, D. et al. Agroecology and Health: Lessons from Indigenous Populations. Curr Envir Health Rpt 4, 244–251 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-017-0146-z
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40572-017-0146-z