Italian version of ASES questionnaire for shoulder assessment: cross-cultural adaptation and validation

Abstract

The patient-oriented measures, represented by self-administered questionnaire, have become an important aspect of clinical outcome assessment. To be used with different language groups and in different countries, questionnaires must be translated and adapted to new cultural characteristics and then validated by a widely accepted process to evaluate reliability and validity, fundamental characteristic for each measure. The aim of the study is to perform the cross-cultural adaptation and to assess the Italian version instrument reliability and validity. The study design is a cross-cultural adaptation and cross-sectional study of a sample of patients affected by shoulder disorder with a subsample followed prospectively for retest reliability. The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form was culturally adapted for Italian-speaking people, following the simplified Guillemin criteria. Reliability and validity were assessed in a cross-sectional study of 50 consecutive patients affected by shoulder disorder. A sub-sample of 20 patients was followed prospectively for retest reliability. The results were compared with other validated patient-oriented measures. The ASES scales showed a high correlation with other patient-oriented measures, as hypothesized, and it also showed good values with regard to reproducibility, consistency and validity, to the original versions published in English. These findings suggest that the evaluation capacities of the Italian version of ASES are equivalent to those of English language version.

Appendix

The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES) (Italian version)

Autovalutazione del paziente

Le seguenti domande riguardano alcune attività, che potrebbe svolgere nel corso di una qualsiasi giornata. Indichi con una crocetta la frase che rispecchia meglio la sua capacità nello svolgere tali attività sia con il braccio dx che con il braccio sin.

 

	Spalla dx				Spalla sin
	Incapace a farlo	Molto difficile da fare	Un po’ difficile	Nessuna difficoltà	Incapace a farlo	Molto difficile da fare	Un po’ difficile	Nessuna difficoltà
Indossare il cappotto	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3
Dormire sul lato affetto	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3
Lavarti la schiena/allacciare il reggiseno	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3
Lavarti	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3
Pettinarti	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3
Arrivare ad uno scaffale alto	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3
Sollevare 4–5 chili	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3
Lanciare una palla verso l’ alto	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3
Svolgere lavori quotidiani	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3
Praticare sport comuni	0	1	2	3	0	1	2	3