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Assessment of multifunctional landscapes dynamics in the mountainous basin of the Mo River (Togo, West Africa)

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Abstract

In this study, historical landscape dynamics were investigated to (i) map the land use/cover types for the years 1972, 1987, 2000 and 2014; (ii) determine the types and processes of landscape dynamics; and (iii) assess the landscape fragmentation and habitat loss over time. Supervised classification of multi-temporal Landsat images was used through a pixel-based approach. Post–classification methods included systematic and random change detection, trajectories analysis and landscape fragmentation assessment. The overall accuracies (and Kappa statistics) were of 68.86% (0.63), 91.32% (0.79), 90.66% (0.88) and 91.88% (0.89) for 1972, 1987, 2000 and 2014, respectively. The spatio-temporal analyses indicated that forests, woodlands and savannahs dominated the landscapes during the four dates, though constant areal decreases were observed. The most important dynamic process was the decline of woodlands with an average annual net loss rate of–2%. Meanwhile, the most important land transformation occurred during the transition 2000–2014, due to anthropogenic pressures. Though the most important loss of vegetation greenness occurred in the unprotected areas, the overall analyses of change indicated a declining trend of land cover quality and an increasing landscape fragmentation. Sustainable conservation strategies should be promoted while focusing restoration attention on degraded lands and fragmented ecosystems in order to support rural livelihood and biodiversity conservation.

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Acknowledgments

This study is part of a PhD research performed within the WASCAL (West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use) program on Climate Change and Land Use, funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) and hosted by the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology of Kumasi, Ghana. We are grateful to the Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology (University of Lome, Togo) for fieldwork support. We acknowledge the contribution of CGIAR-DS through the funding to Quang Bao Le. May the soul of the late supervisor (Dr E. Ofori) of the first author rest in peace. Thanks to the unknown reviewers for their invaluable contributions to the work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. WASCAL Graduate Research Program in Climate Change and Land Use; Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

    Badabate Diwediga

  2. Department of Agricultural Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

    Sampson Agodzo

  3. Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo

    Badabate Diwediga & Kperkouma Wala

  4. CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Systems (CRP-DS), International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Amman, 11195, Jordan

    Quang Bao Le

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  1. Badabate Diwediga
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  2. Sampson Agodzo
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  4. Quang Bao Le
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Correspondence to Badabate Diwediga.

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Diwediga Badabate, PhD, specialized in integrated soil-landscape assessment and modeling.

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Diwediga, B., Agodzo, S., Wala, K. et al. Assessment of multifunctional landscapes dynamics in the mountainous basin of the Mo River (Togo, West Africa). J. Geogr. Sci. 27, 579–605 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-017-1394-4

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