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Hierarchically decorated electrospun poly(\( \varepsilon \)-caprolactone)/nanohydroxyapatite composite nanofibers for bone tissue engineering

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Abstract

Bone is a nanocomposite comprised of two main components, nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) and Type I collagen. The aim of this study is to mimic the nanotopography of collagen fibrils in bone tissue and to modulate their cellular functions by nanoscale stimulation. Three-dimensional structures consisting of electrospun poly(\( \varepsilon \)-caprolactone) (PCL) and PCL/nHA composite nanofibers decorated by periodically spaced PCL crystal lamellae (shish–kebab structure) were created. It was found that the hierarchically decorated nanostructure not only enhanced the mechanical properties of the scaffolds but also changed the surface wettability behavior of the scaffolds. The enhanced surface wettability facilitated biomimetic mineralization through apatite deposition when exposed to simulated body fluids (SBF). MG-63, an osteosarcoma cell line which behaves similarly to osteoblasts, was used to study the cellular response to the scaffolds. Data suggest kebab crystal nanotopography facilitating cell attachment and proliferation. Functional assays, which quantify alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium expression, revealed increased ALP activity and increased calcium expression on decorated nanofibers. In addition, compared with other scaffolds, the cells on PCL/nHA nanofibrous shish–kebab-structured scaffolds showed obvious extended pseudopodia of the filaments in the cytoskeleton study, demonstrating better interactions between cells and scaffolds.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery (WID), the China Scholarship Council, the financial support of the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 51073061, No. 21174044), the Guangdong Nature Science Foundation (No. S2013020013855, No. 9151064101000066), and the National Basic Research Development Program 973 (No. 2012CB025902) in China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Key Laboratory for Polymer Processing Engineering of Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center of Novel Equipment for Polymer Processing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Xin Jing, Hao-Yang Mi & Xiang-Fang Peng

  2. Departments of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA

    Elizabeth Jin & Wan-Ju Li

  3. Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA

    Lih-Sheng Turng

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  1. Xin Jing
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Correspondence to Xiang-Fang Peng or Lih-Sheng Turng.

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Jing, X., Jin, E., Mi, HY. et al. Hierarchically decorated electrospun poly(\( \varepsilon \)-caprolactone)/nanohydroxyapatite composite nanofibers for bone tissue engineering. J Mater Sci 50, 4174–4186 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-8933-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-8933-0

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