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Electrochemical properties of hollow copper (II) oxide nanopowders prepared by salt-assisted spray drying process applying nanoscale Kirkendall diffusion

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Abstract

The synthesis of hollow CuO nanopowders by a salt-assisted spray drying process applying nanoscale Kirkendall diffusion is introduced. The electrochemical properties of the hollow CuO nanopowders for lithium-ion storage are also investigated. The first step of post-treatment of the spray-dried powders under a reducing atmosphere forms spherical and hollow NaCl powders embedded with Cu nanocrystals. Further post-treatment of the Cu–NaCl composite powders under an air atmosphere forms the spherical and hollow NaCl powders embedded with the hollow CuO nanopowders. Oxidation of the Cu nanocrystals under an air atmosphere produces hollow CuO nanopowders by nanoscale Kirkendall diffusion. The spherical and hollow CuO–NaCl composite powder transforms into ultrafine hollow CuO nanopowders by complete washing with distilled water to remove NaCl. The initial discharge and charge capacities of the hollow CuO nanopowders for lithium-ion storage at a current density of 1 A g−1 are 1077 and 781 mA h g−1, respectively. The reversible discharge capacity of the hollow CuO nanopowders for the 700th cycle is 803 mA h g−1.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea government (MEST) (NRF-2015R1A2A1A15056049).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea

    Kyung Min Jeon & Yun Chan Kang

  2. Daegu Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 80 Daehakro Bukgu, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea

    Jong Hwa Kim

  3. Suncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Suncheon, 540-742, Republic of Korea

    Yun Ju Choi

Authors
  1. Kyung Min Jeon
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  2. Jong Hwa Kim
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  3. Yun Ju Choi
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Correspondence to Yun Chan Kang.

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Jeon, K.M., Kim, J.H., Choi, Y.J. et al. Electrochemical properties of hollow copper (II) oxide nanopowders prepared by salt-assisted spray drying process applying nanoscale Kirkendall diffusion. J Appl Electrochem 46, 469–477 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-016-0941-5

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