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Post-treatment positron emission tomography-computed tomography is highly predictive of outcome in Plasmablastic lymphoma

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Abstract

Purpose

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare variant of diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL) clinically characterized by a poorer prognostic. Few clinical and imaging data are available and derived from pooled case reports and small series. The aim of the study was to evaluate the FDG avidity at baseline and the utility of 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission-tomography/computed-tomography (PET/CT) for staging and response assessment.

Methods

Patients with newly diagnosed PBL seen at Lymphoma Study Association centers during the period 2005–2015 were included if they underwent a PET/CT at staging and at the end of treatment (eotPET) and had received an anthracycline-based first line therapy. EotPET scans were analyzed using the 5-point-scale visual analysis in accordance with Lugano criteria. Patients were classified in complete metabolic response (CMR) or no-CMR including partial metabolic response (PMR), stable disease (SD) and progression disease (PD). EotPET results were assessed for the ability to predict event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results

Thirty-five PBL patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median follow-up was 34 months (2.8–120 months). FDG avidity was found in all patients at diagnosis. Most patients (80%) achieved CMR, and 20% were no-CMR including 9% PMR, 6% SD, and 6% PD. A CMR after first line chemotherapy predicted higher EFS (p < 0.0001) and OS (p = 0.0006).

Conclusions

This study confirmed the FDG avidity of PBL subtype and the usefulness of PET/CT scanning in restaging an aggressive lymphoma at the completion of chemotherapy. EotPET can predict outcomes following treatment in patients with PBL.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Montpellier, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 05, France

    Yassine Al Tabaa & Denis Mariano-Goulart

  2. Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5235, Montpellier, France

    Emmanuelle Tchernonog & Guillaume Cartron

  3. Léon Bérard Center, Department of Hematology, Lyon, France

    Pierre Faurie & Hervé Ghesquieres

  4. Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHU Tenon, Paris, France

    Anne Ségolène Cottereau

  5. Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France

    Hélène Monjanel & Emmanuel Gyan

  6. Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Nantes, INSERM UMR 892, Nantes, France

    Antoine Bonnet & Steven Le Gouill

Authors
  1. Yassine Al Tabaa
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  2. Emmanuelle Tchernonog
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  3. Pierre Faurie
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  4. Anne Ségolène Cottereau
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  5. Hélène Monjanel
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  6. Antoine Bonnet
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  7. Steven Le Gouill
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  8. Emmanuel Gyan
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  9. Hervé Ghesquieres
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  10. Denis Mariano-Goulart
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  11. Guillaume Cartron
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yassine Al Tabaa.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study formal consent is not required.

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Al Tabaa, Y., Tchernonog, E., Faurie, P. et al. Post-treatment positron emission tomography-computed tomography is highly predictive of outcome in Plasmablastic lymphoma. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 45, 1705–1709 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-018-4020-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-018-4020-5

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