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Experimental investigation of forced convective heat transfer performance in nanofluids of Al2O3/water and CuO/water in a serpentine shaped micro channel heat sink

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Abstract

The microchannels are device used to remove high heat fluxes from smaller area. In this experimental research work the heat transfer performance of nanofluids of Al2O3/water and CuO/water were compared. The important character of such fluids is the enhanced thermal conductivity, in comparison with base fluid without considerable alteration in physical and chemical properties. The effect of forced convective heat transfer coefficient was calculated using serpentine shaped microchannel heat exchanger. Furthermore we calculated the forced convective heat transfer coefficient of the nanofluids using theoretical correlations in order to compare the results with the experimental data. The heat transfer coefficient for different particle concentration and temperature were analysed using forced convection heat transfer using nanofluids. The findings indicate considerable enhancement in convective heat transfer coefficient of the nanofluids as compared to the basefluid. The results also shows that CuO/water nanofluid has increased heat transfer coefficient compared with Al2O3/water and base fluids. Moreover the experimental results indicate there is increased forced convective heat transfer coefficient with the increase in nano particle concentration.

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Abbreviations

A:

Cross section area (m2)

Dh :

Hydraulic diameter (mm)

H:

Channel height (mm)

h:

Convective heat transfer coefficient (kW/m2 K)

k:

Thermal conductivity (W/mK)

L:

Test section length (mm)

l:

Length of the vertical passage (mm)

Lch :

Total channel length (mm)

m:

Mass flow rate (kg/s)

N:

Number of vertical passage

Nu:

Nusselt number

Pr:

Prandtl number

q:

Actual heat flux (kW/m2)

Qs :

Heat supplied (W)

Q:

Heat transfer (W)

r:

Radius of the circular passage (mm)

Re :

Reynolds number

T:

Temperature (K)

u:

Velocity (m/s)

W:

Channel width (mm)

f:

Friction factor

(Cp)nf :

Nanofluid heat capacity (J/kg K)

ρbf :

Density of base fluid (kg/m3)

ρp :

Density of particle (kg/m3)

(Cp)p :

Particle heat capacity (J/kg K)

Kp :

Thermal conductivity of particle (W/mK)

Kbf :

Thermal conductivity of base fluid (W/mK)

µnf :

Viscocity of nanofluid (kg/m2 s)

µbf :

Viscocity of basefluid (kg/m2 s)

hf :

Head losses

µ:

Dynamic viscosity (kg/m2 s)

Δp:

Pressure drop (kPa)

ρ:

Density (kg/m3)

φ:

Volume fraction of nanoparticles (%)

bf :

Base fluid

exp:

Experimental

in:

Inlet

m:

Mean

nf :

Nanofluid

out:

Outlet

p:

Particle

th:

Theoretical

w:

Wall

Al2O3 :

Alumina

CuO:

Copper oxide

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Christ College of Engineering and Technology, Puducherry, India

    A. Sivakumar

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry, India

    N. Alagumurthi & T. Senthilvelan

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  1. A. Sivakumar
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  2. N. Alagumurthi
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  3. T. Senthilvelan
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Correspondence to A. Sivakumar.

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Sivakumar, A., Alagumurthi, N. & Senthilvelan, T. Experimental investigation of forced convective heat transfer performance in nanofluids of Al2O3/water and CuO/water in a serpentine shaped micro channel heat sink. Heat Mass Transfer 52, 1265–1274 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-015-1649-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-015-1649-5

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