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Yield performance and stability of CMS-based triticale hybrids

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Abstract

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CMS-based triticale hybrids showed only marginal midparent heterosis for grain yield and lower dynamic yield stability compared to inbred lines.

Abstract

Hybrids of triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) are expected to possess outstanding yield performance and increased dynamic yield stability. The objectives of the present study were to (1) examine the optimum choice of the biometrical model to compare yield stability of hybrids versus lines, (2) investigate whether hybrids exhibit a more pronounced grain yield performance and yield stability, and (3) study optimal strategies to predict yield stability of hybrids. Thirteen female and seven male parental lines and their 91 factorial hybrids as well as 30 commercial lines were evaluated for grain yield in up to 20 environments. Hybrids were produced using a cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS)-inducing cytoplasm that originated from Triticumtimopheevii Zhuk. We found that the choice of the biometrical model can cause contrasting results and concluded that a group-by-environment interaction term should be added to the model when estimating stability variance of hybrids and lines. midparent heterosis for grain yield was on average 3 % with a range from −15.0 to 11.5 %. No hybrid outperformed the best inbred line. Hybrids had, on average, lower dynamic yield stability compared to the inbred lines. Grain yield performance of hybrids could be predicted based on midparent values and general combining ability (GCA)-predicted values. In contrast, stability variance of hybrids could be predicted only based on GCA-predicted values. We speculated that negative effects of the used CMS cytoplasm might be the reason for the low performance and yield stability of the hybrids. For this purpose a detailed study on the reasons for the drawback of the currently existing CMS system in triticale is urgently required comprising also the search of potentially alternative hybridization systems.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Jens Möhring for statistical consulting. Jonathan Mühleisen was supported by BMELV/BLE withinthe „Züchtung von Triticalesorten für extreme Umwelten—eine Frage des Sortentyps?“ project (Grant ID: 2814502410).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany

    Jonathan Mühleisen & Hans Peter Maurer

  2. Biostatistics Unit, Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, 70593, Stuttgart, Germany

    Hans-Peter Piepho

  3. Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, 06466, Stadt Seeland, Germany

    Jochen Christoph Reif

Authors
  1. Jonathan Mühleisen
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  2. Hans-Peter Piepho
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  3. Hans Peter Maurer
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  4. Jochen Christoph Reif
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jochen Christoph Reif.

Additional information

Communicated by Ian Mackay.

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Mühleisen, J., Piepho, HP., Maurer, H.P. et al. Yield performance and stability of CMS-based triticale hybrids. Theor Appl Genet 128, 291–301 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-014-2429-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-014-2429-1

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