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Observations on BOS Refining

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Abstract

Selected IMPHOS (IMproving PHOSphorus refining) heats ([1], [2]: Millman et al. in Proc. Scanmet 3, 2008; and Millman et al. in Ironmak Steelmak 38:499, 2011), have been used to make observations on decarburizing and dephosphorising performance characteristics during BOS refining. If it is assumed that decarburization takes place solely in the slag/metal emulsion then maximum metal residence time in the emulsion is just under 9 sec and at peak decarburisation time, the maximum amount of metal in the emulsion is ~ 50 % of the total metal content in the converter. To evaluate the effects of changes in slag component chemistry on phosphorus refining it is necessary to account for changes in slag weight, which can change substantially throughout a heat and be significantly different heat-to-heat. Dephosphorising performance depends on the thermodynamic stability of slag phases that are able to take-up phosphorus and the distribution of phosphorus between these thermodynamically stable phases. The application of proprietary thermodynamic models such as MTDATA and FACTSage has helped to clarify such events. The stability of the foamy slag/metal emulsion changes over the period of the blow. Slag height increases with an increase in FeO (tot) wt% and decreases with a decrease in decarburisation rate and the collapse of the foamy slag.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the helpful discussions on decarburisation with Professor Ken Coley at McMaster University. The authors also wish to acknowledge that this work was carried out with a financial grant from the Research Fund for Coal and Steel of the European Community. Improved Phosphorus Refining (IMPHOS) is available for free download from the EU Bookshop: http://bookshop.europa.eu/en/imphos-pbKINA25005/.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Teesside Technology Centre, Tata Steel Research, Development & Technology, P O Box 11, Grangetown, Middlesbrough, Teesside, TS6 6US, UK

    M. S. Millman

  2. Technical Centre of Expertise, IJmuiden Technology Centre, Tata Steel Europe Limited, P O Box 10.000, 1970, CA, IJmuiden, The Netherlands

    A. Overbosch & A. Kapilashrami

  3. Process Metallurgy Department, Swerea MEFOS, P O Box 812, 97125, Luleå, Sweden

    D. Malmberg

  4. Metallurgical Development, SSAB EMEA, 971 88, Luleå, Sweden

    M. Brämming

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  1. M. S. Millman
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  2. A. Overbosch
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  3. A. Kapilashrami
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  4. D. Malmberg
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  5. M. Brämming
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Correspondence to M. S. Millman.

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Millman, M.S., Overbosch, A., Kapilashrami, A. et al. Observations on BOS Refining. Trans Indian Inst Met 66, 525–534 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-013-0302-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-013-0302-6

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