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Of digital transformation in the healthcare (systematic review of the current state of the literature)

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to assess the advances brought by digital technologies in medical practices and uncover why the HC sector is reluctant to adopt DT.

Methodology

To answer these questions, a systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted covering the time frame from 2005-June 2022 and a total number of 1736 articles were gathered out of which 32 were selected and used for this study, adopting Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).

Results

This study grouped and categorized areas that most of the research about the digitization of healthcare falls into Advances in the use of telemedicine and m-health; Advances in the use of AI and robotics; Advances in the use of EMR and blockchain; and finally, Advances in the use of other ICT. Our findings showed that the adoption of DT in healthcare can give more freedom and empower patients, ensure the security of patients’ data and information, enable remote COVID-19 and disease progression monitoring, and management, and lastly increase organizational and managerial efficiencies. The results, however, showed that healthcare is hesitant to the adoption of digitization because of organizational factors (e.g., unfavorable policies and culture); Technological factors (e.g., fear of security and reliability); Human factors (e.g., lack of skills and acceptance); and Economic factors (e.g., lack of capital and resources). Areas of further interest to scholars and practitioners were also provided.

Conclusion

This SLR has presented various applications of blockchain, EMRs, AI, robotics, telemedicine, etc. in the HC and how they are transforming and improving patient care delivery, increasing efficiency, disease monitoring and management, and expatiate on the organizational, technological, human, and economic factors as the main rationales behind HC reluctance to adopting DT despite the aforementioned benefits. Future research may investigate issues concerning data security, knowledge, skills, culture, and policy transformation of HC organizations to promote wider acceptance and adoption of DT in this sector.

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  1. University of Rome – Tor Vergata, Italy, School of Economics, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Mus’ab Muhammad Kakale

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Kakale, M.M. Of digital transformation in the healthcare (systematic review of the current state of the literature). Health Technol. 14, 35–50 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12553-023-00803-w

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