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Interaction of impaired myocardial flow reserve and extent of myocardial ischemia assessed using 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography imaging on adverse cardiovascular outcomes

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
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Journal of Nuclear Cardiology Aims and scope

Abstract

Background

Myocardial flow reserve (MFR) and the extent of myocardial ischemia identify patients at high risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Associations between positron emission tomography (PET)-assessed extent of ischemia, MFR, and MACEs is unclear.

Method

Overall, 640 consecutive patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease undergoing 13N-ammonia myocardial perfusion PET were followed-up for MACEs. Patients were categorized into three groups based on myocardial ischemia severity: Group I (n = 335), minimal (myocardial ischemia < 5%); Group II (n = 150), mild (5–10%); and Group III (n = 155), moderate-to-severe (> 10%).

Results

Cardiovascular death and MACEs occurred in 17 (3%) and 93 (15%) patients, respectively. Following statistical adjustment for confounding factors, impaired MFR (global MFR < 2.0) was revealed as an independent predictor of MACEs in Groups I (hazard ratio [HR], 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48–5.64; P = 0.002) and II (HR, 3.40; 95% CI 1.37–8.41; P = 0.008) but was not significant in Group III (HR, 1.15; 95% CI 0.59–2.26; P = 0.67), with a significant interaction (P < 0.0001) between the extent of myocardial ischemia and MFR.

Conclusion

Impaired MFR was significantly associated with increased risk of MACEs in patients with ≤ 10% myocardial ischemia but not with those having > 10% ischemia, allowing a clinically effective risk stratification.

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Abbreviations

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

HF:

Heart failure

MACE:

Major adverse cardiac event

MBF:

Myocardial blood flow

MFR:

Myocardial flow reserve

MPI:

Myocardial perfusion imaging

PCI:

Percutaneous coronary intervention

PET:

Positron emission tomography

SDS:

Summed difference score

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Hokkaido Ohno Memorial Hospital, 2-1-16-1 Miyanosawa, Nishi-Ku, Sapporo, 063-0052, Japan

    Shiro Miura MD, MSc & Takehiro Yamashita MD, PhD

  2. Department of Radiology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, Japan

    Atsutaka Okizaki MD, PhD

  3. Department of Healthcare Quality Assessment, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiraku Kumamaru MD, PhD

  4. Department of Radiology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama-Shi, Japan

    Osamu Manabe MD, PhD

  5. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido, University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan

    Masanao Naya MD, PhD

  6. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hokkaido Ohno Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan

    Chihoko Miyazaki MD, PhD

Authors
  1. Shiro Miura MD, MSc
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  2. Atsutaka Okizaki MD, PhD
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  3. Hiraku Kumamaru MD, PhD
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  4. Osamu Manabe MD, PhD
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  5. Masanao Naya MD, PhD
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  6. Chihoko Miyazaki MD, PhD
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  7. Takehiro Yamashita MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Shiro Miura MD, MSc.

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Miura, S., Okizaki, A., Kumamaru, H. et al. Interaction of impaired myocardial flow reserve and extent of myocardial ischemia assessed using 13N-ammonia positron emission tomography imaging on adverse cardiovascular outcomes. J. Nucl. Cardiol. 30, 2043–2053 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12350-023-03255-x

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