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Potential of Phage Display Antibody Technology for Cardiovascular Disease Immunotherapy

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Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. CVD includes coronary artery diseases such as angina, myocardial infarction, and stroke. “Lipid hypothesis” which is also known as the cholesterol hypothesis proposes the linkage of plasma cholesterol level with the risk of developing CVD. Conventional management involves the use of statins to reduce the serum cholesterol levels as means for CVD prevention or treatment. The regulation of serum cholesterol levels can potentially be regulated with biological interventions like monoclonal antibodies. Phage display is a powerful tool for the development of therapeutic antibodies with successes over the recent decade. Although mainly for oncology, the application of monoclonal antibodies as immunotherapeutic agents could potentially be expanded to CVD. This review focuses on the concept of phage display for antibody development and discusses the potential target antigens that could potentially be beneficial for serum cholesterol management.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme [FRGS/1/2018/STG05/USM/02/2]. JYL would like to acknowledge support from Graduate Assistant Scheme from Universiti Sains Malaysia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia

    Soo Ghee Yeoh, Jia Siang Sum, Jing Yi Lai & Theam Soon Lim

  2. School of Medical Sciences, Department of Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia

    W Y Haniff W Isa

  3. Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia

    Theam Soon Lim

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  1. Soo Ghee Yeoh
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Contributions

Soo Ghee Yeoh and Jia Siang Sum performed the literature search, wrote the review, and prepared the figures. Jing Yi Lai wrote the review and critically discussed the completed manuscript. Wan Yus Haniff Wan Isa and Theam Soon Lim designed and wrote the review, supervised the process, and critically reviewed the complete manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Jia Siang Sum and Soo Ghee Yeoh contributed equally to this work and should be regarded as joint first authors.

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Correspondence to Theam Soon Lim.

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Soo Ghee Yeoh and Jia Siang Sum are authors contributed equally

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Yeoh, S.G., Sum, J.S., Lai, J.Y. et al. Potential of Phage Display Antibody Technology for Cardiovascular Disease Immunotherapy. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 15, 360–380 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-021-10169-x

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