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Current Approaches in Cardiac Repair: Somatic and Stem Cell Exosomes

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Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Myocardial infarction, which is the most important clinical sign of coronary artery disease, is one of the leading causes of global mortality, despite current treatment methods. Stem cell transplantation, which fastens on the regeneration of damaged tissue, has been suggested as an alternative approach in cardiac regenerative medicine; however, complications such as low survival in ischemic conditions, immune rejection, and teratoma formation have limited the routine use of stem cells in clinical treatments.

Recent Findings

Exosomes, which have been shown to play an essential role in intracellular communication and carry protein, lipid, and nucleic acid-based rich cargo content, have emerged as a new potential in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases in recent years. First findings have brought into the open that the exosomes secreted by local cells in the myocardium layer and stem cells have an essential role in the repair of cardiac damage because they involve pro-angiogenic, pro-survival, anti-fibrotic, or anti-apoptotic molecules.

Conclusion

This review has comprehensively discussed the rich cargo content of somatic and stem cell-derived exosomes, their regulatory mechanisms in amelioration of the pathophysiology of coronary artery disease, molecular interactions of exosomal cargo contents, strengths, and limitations of exosomal strategies.

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  1. Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey

    Selcen Ari Yuka PhD & Ayca Aslan PhD

  2. Health Biotechnology Joint Research and Application Center of Excellence, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey

    Selcen Ari Yuka PhD & Ayca Aslan PhD

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Yuka, S.A., Aslan, A. Current Approaches in Cardiac Repair: Somatic and Stem Cell Exosomes. Curr Treat Options Cardio Med 25, 689–714 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-023-01021-3

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