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Update on Central Nervous System Effects of the Intersection of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Research has shown myriad neurologic and mental health manifestations during the acute and subsequent stages of COVID-19 in people with HIV (PWH). This review summarizes the updates on central nervous system (CNS) outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in PWH and highlight the existing knowledge gaps in this area.

Recent Findings

Studies leveraging electronic record systems have highlighted the excess risk of developing acute and lingering neurological complications of COVID-19 in PWH compared to people without HIV (PWoH). However, there is a notable scarcity of neuroimaging as well as blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) marker studies that can confirm the potential synergy between these two infections, particularly in PWH receiving suppressive antiretroviral therapy.

Summary

Considering the unclear potential interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV, clinicians should remain vigilant regarding new-onset or worsening neurological symptoms in PWH following COVID-19, as they could be linked to either infection.

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References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: •• Of major importance

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. SEARCH Research Foundation, Block 28, 926 Tower C Room C114-C115 Soi Chula 7, Wang Mai, Pathum Wan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Ferron F. Ocampo & Pathariya Promsena

  2. Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Pathariya Promsena

  3. Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

    Pathariya Promsena

  4. Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

    Phillip Chan

  5. Yale Center for Brain and Mind Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA

    Phillip Chan

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F.O.wrote the main manuscript text and prepared figures 1 & 2. P.P. provided critical revision of the manuscript. P.C. wrote the main manuscript text and provided critical revision of the manuscript All authors reviewed the manuscript

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Ocampo, F.F., Promsena, P. & Chan, P. Update on Central Nervous System Effects of the Intersection of HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 20, 345–356 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-023-00676-8

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