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Associations of asthma control with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in obese individuals

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to assess the associations of asthma control with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in obese individuals. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2001–2018. Weighted logistic regression analyses and Cox proportional hazard models were performed to evaluate the influence of asthma control on hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. A total of 2744 obese participants were included. Of them, 937 participants had poorly controlled asthma, 873 had well-controlled asthma, and 934 did not have asthma. We found that poorly controlled asthma was associated with an increased risk of angina pectoris, congestive heart failure (CHF), stroke, and all-cause mortality in obese participants, while well-controlled asthma was associated with an increased risk of CHF and all-cause mortality. Compared with patients with poorly controlled asthma, patients with well-controlled asthma were at low risk of angina pectoris (OR [odds ratio], 0.49; 95% CI [confidence interval], 0.29–0.81), heart attack (OR, 0.54; 95% CI 0.34–0.87), CHF (OR, 0.62; 95% CI 0.39–0.99), and stroke (OR, 0.45; 95% CI 0.27–0.73). The present study suggested that obese individuals with poorly controlled asthma were associated with increased risks of angina pectoris, CHF, stroke, and all-cause mortality. Well-controlled asthma had fewer negative health effects than poorly controlled asthma in obese individuals.

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Availability of data and materials

Data are available on the website: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm.

Abbreviations

NHANES:

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

CDC:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

BMI:

Body mass index

GED:

General educational development

CHD:

Coronary heart disease

CHF:

Congestive heart failure

MEC:

Mobile Examination Center

CVD:

Cardiovascular disease

SD:

Standard deviation

ICD:

International classification of disease

ACQ:

Asthma control questionnaire

OSA:

Obstructive sleep apnea

ICS:

Inhaled corticosteroids

OR:

Odds ratios

HR:

Hazard ratio

CI:

Confidence interval

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China School of Medicine and West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Ping Lin, Yuean Zhao & Zongan Liang

  2. Institute of Clinical Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China

    Yujun Shi

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  1. Ping Lin
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Contributions

PL contributed to study concept and design, data analysis, drafting the article, and critical revision. YZ contributed to data analysis, and drafting the article. ZL and YS contributed to study design, critical revision, final approval and submitted the report for publication. All authors listed have approved the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yujun Shi or Zongan Liang.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

The protocols of NHANES were approved by the institutional review board of the National Center for Health Statistics, CDC. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant before participation in this study.

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Lin, P., Zhao, Y., Shi, Y. et al. Associations of asthma control with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in obese individuals. Intern Emerg Med (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-024-03554-2

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