Abstract
Introduction
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the fifth most common cancer globally. Diagnosis at early stages are critical to reduce mortality and improve functional and esthetic outcomes associated with HNC. Metabolomics is a promising approach for discovery of biomarkers and metabolic pathways for risk assessment and early detection of HNC.
Objectives
To summarize and consolidate the available evidence on metabolomics and HNC in plasma/serum, saliva, and urine.
Methods
A systematic search of experimental research was executed using PubMed and Web of Science. Available data on areas under the curve was extracted. Metabolic pathway enrichment analysis were performed to identify metabolic pathways altered in HNC. Fifty-four studies were eligible for data extraction (33 performed in plasma/serum, 15 in saliva and 6 in urine).
Results
Metabolites with high discriminatory performance for detection of HNC included single metabolites and combination panels of several lysoPCs, pyroglutamate, glutamic acid, glucose, tartronic acid, arachidonic acid, norvaline, linoleic acid, propionate, acetone, acetate, choline, glutamate and others. The glucose-alanine cycle and the urea cycle were the most altered pathways in HNC, among other pathways (i.e. gluconeogenesis, glycine and serine metabolism, alanine metabolism, etc.). Specific metabolites that can potentially serve as complementary less- or non-invasive biomarkers, as well as metabolic pathways integrating the data from the available studies, are presented.
Conclusion
The present work highlights utility of metabolite-based biomarkers for risk assessment, early detection, and prognostication of HNC, as well as facilitates incorporation of available metabolomics studies into multi-omics data integration and big data analytics for personalized health.
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The work was financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of state support for the creation and development of World-Class Research Centers “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare” Nº075-15–2022-304. ACC received funding from the Millennium Science Initiative Program, Nº NCS2021_003 and Nº NCS2021_013.
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The author responsibilities: NC and AB conceptualized the review, participated in the design, execution and interpretation of data and drafted the manuscript. NC, HNN, AC-C and AB executed the systematic search. JL, IAL, IRC, DG, JF, MRL, SAA and AB run data analysis on metabolomics and/or interpreted metabolomics data. AC-C provided input on epidemiological aspects. IR-C advised on proper execution of the systematic search and assessed potential for meta-analysis. FC, VF, EK, VS, IR, YR, KS, NM, CM and RP provided general input, with particular emphasis on clinical aspects. All authors read, provided input and approved the final version of the manuscript. AB has final responsibility for all parts of this review.
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Chuchueva, N., Carta, F., Nguyen, H.N. et al. Metabolomics of head and neck cancer in biofluids: an integrative systematic review. Metabolomics 19, 77 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-023-02038-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-023-02038-2