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Waterlogging risk assessment of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration in the past 60 years

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Abstract

The risk of urban waterlogging is increasing with global climate change and rapid urbanization, especially for urban agglomeration like Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. In this study, we obtain the urban waterlogging risk index of the BTH urban agglomeration and considering the hazard, exposure, and vulnerability factors, we assess waterlogging risks in the built-up area of the BTH for two periods (1961–1990 and 1991–2019). We analyze the economic and social data as well as the climate data from 149 meteorological observation stations in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei provinces. The results showed that for the two considered periods, the area with the lowest (level 1) waterlogging risk has decreased by nearly 50%, and the second-lowest (level 2) ones have increased by nearly 55%. Although the area higher risk has decreased by 17%, the difference among each city is quite large. Among them, the areas at level 3 have increased by 52% and 51% in Beijing and Handan, respectively. During the years 1991–2019, the areas with risks of level 3 and above are mainly found in Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Qinhuangdao, Handan, and Xingtai. Among them, Beijing has the highest waterlogging risk. In particular, the areas with risk of level 3 and above have increased by 76% in the past 30 years. The areas with the highest risk level (level 4) of waterlogging in Beijing were mostly found in the downtown areas (Haidian, Chaoyang, Dongcheng, and Xicheng districts). This study provides a scientific background for urban waterlogging risk management and implementation of the national and regional strategy for the development of the BTH region.

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Availability of data and material

All data that support the finding of this study are available as follows. The population and GDP grid data in 2015 are available at http://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx; the spatial distribution of land use and river network density data are available at http://data.ess.tsinghua.edu.cn, and the meteorological data and other data used in this paper are available from the author (Jianqing Zhai; zhaijq@cma.gov.cn) upon reasonable request.

Code availability

The codes required for the study were made in Arcmap 10.8 software.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFA0606302).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education/International Joint Research Laboratory On Climate and Environment Change/Collaborative Innovation Center On Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Yujie Wang

  2. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Yujie Wang

  3. National Climate Center, CMA, Beijing, 100081, China

    Jianqing Zhai & Lianchun Song

Authors
  1. Yujie Wang
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  2. Jianqing Zhai
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  3. Lianchun Song
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Contributions

Yujie Wang contributed to this paper by performing analyses and drafting the paper. Jianqing Zhai performed analyses by calculating the hazard factors, exposure indicators, adaptability, and risk level to heavy rainfall and waterlogging in the BTH urban agglomeration. Lianchun Song conceived the study and modified the complete research and manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jianqing Zhai.

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Wang, Y., Zhai, J. & Song, L. Waterlogging risk assessment of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration in the past 60 years. Theor Appl Climatol 145, 1039–1051 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-021-03670-5

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