Correction: J Gastroenterol https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-022-01940-1


In the original publication of the article, the second paragraph under the heading “Summary and future direction” should be deleted since it was part of Fig. 1 caption and added in Fig. 1 caption.


The original article has been corrected.

The corrected Fgiure 1 is given in the following page.

Fig. 1
figure 1

The liver fibrosis stage increases by one stage in an average of 8 to 10 years, the risk of carcinogenesis increases depending on the fibrosis stage, and current evidence suggests that HCV infection promotes senescence indirectly through ROS-driven hepatocyte injury. Many of the extrahepatic manifestations depend on the duration of HCV infection and previous data show that the advanced stages of the extrahepatic disease can substantially affect morbidity, mortality, and quality of life. Although the association of the natural course of chronic HCV infection with liver-related and -unrelated diseases is unclear, several factors such as oxidative stress, cryoglobulinemia and insulin resistance lead to endothelial, mitochondrial, DNA damage, which could lead to lethal MACE, ESRD, systemic chronic inflammation and fibrosis and malignancies

Suggested natural couse of chronic HCV infection with liver-related and unrelated diseases