Correction to: Metabotropic group II glutamate receptors in the basolateral amygdala mediate cue‑triggered increases in incentive motivation

Correction to: Psychopharmacology.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-05907-7

In the published article, the figures were incorrectly presented without panel titles. The corrected figures with panel titles included are presented below.

The original article has been corrected.

Fig. 1

After instrumental and Pavlovian conditioning, rats show significant Pavlovian-to-Instrumental transfer. (a) Timeline and behavioural schematic for Experiment 1. (b) The rate of active lever presses increased over the daily 40-min instrumental training sessions. (c) The rate of water cup entries during the first 10 s of each CS presentation was higher during CS + relative to CS- presentations, and this difference increased over the daily 44-min Pavlovian conditioning sessions. (d) During a test for Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer, CS + , but not CS- presentations invigorated lever pressing for water reward under extinction conditions. (e) During the test, rats also entered the water cup significantly more during CS + compared to CS- presentations. In (c), water cup entries are shown as a difference score between responses during the first 10 s of each CS presentation and during the last 10 s of the inter-trial interval (ITI) immediately preceding each CS presentation. In (d-e), water cup entries/lever presses are shown as a difference score between responses during the 2-min CS and during the 2-min ITI immediately preceding each CS presentation. Data are presented as means ± SEM (N = 16). * p < 0.05. FR; fixed ratio. VI; variable interval. CS; conditioned stimulus.

Fig. 2

Responding during both instrumental and Pavlovian conditioning predicted later performance during a test for Pavlovian-to-instrumental Transfer. (a) More active lever pressing during the final instrumental training session predicted more active lever pressing at test, specifically during presentations of the water-paired conditioned stimulus (CS +). (b) More water cup entries during CS + presentation on the last Pavlovian session (session 8) predicted more water cup entries at test during the CS + . (c) More water cup entries during CS + presentation on the last Pavlovian session also predicted more water cup entries during the first 10 min of the PIT test session, when neither the CS + nor water were presented (i.e., under extinction conditions). N = 16. Response rates during the CS are unadjusted for baseline (i.e., during the inter-trial interval, or ITI). CS; conditioned stimulus.

Fig. 3

ATimeline and acquisition of instrumental and Pavlovian conditioning in Experiment 2. (a) After implantation of bilateral cannulae targeting the basolateral amygdala (BLA), rats (N = 10) received instrumental and Pavlovian conditioning sessions. We then assessed the effects of LY379268 on Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer. (b) The rate of active-lever presses increased over the daily 40-min instrumental training sessions. (c) The rate of water cup entries during the first 10 s of each CS presentation increased over the daily 44-min Pavlovian conditioning sessions. Data are presented as means ± SEM. *p < 0.05. FR; fixed ratio. VI; variable interval. CS; conditioned stimulus. ITI; inter-trial interval.

Fig. 4

Activation of basolateral amygdala (BLA) mGlu_2/3 receptors with LY379268 abolished CS + triggered increases in both instrumental reward-seeking actions and conditioned approach behaviours. (a) Estimated placements of microinjector tips mapped to Rat brain atlas coordinates (Paxinos & Watson, 2007). An example photomicrograph is shown below. (b) At baseline (‘Vehicle’), presentation of the Pavlovian water cue (CS +) triggered increased responding on the water-associated lever compared to CS- presentation, and intra-BLA LY379268 (3 or 6 µg/hemisphere) abolished this effect. (c) LY379268 had no effect on inactive lever presses. (d) At 3 µg/hemisphere, LY379268 significantly reduced the magnitude of Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer. (e) At baseline (‘Vehicle’), rats entered the water cup significantly more often during CS + versus CS- presentations, and intra-BLA LY379268 (3 or 6 µg/hemisphere) abolished this Pavlovian conditioned approach behaviour. (f-g) LY379268 had no effect on active lever presses or water cup entries during inter-trial intervals (ITI). (h) LY379268 did not influence total locomotor activity, or (i) locomotor activity during CS presentations at test. In (d), and (f–h), thicker curve in each panel represents group means. Bar graphs present data as means ± SEM (n = 10). * p < 0.05. CS; conditioned stimulus.